[Open Access] Keeping Record: The Materiality of Rulership and Administration in Early China and Medieval Europe

Editors: Abigail S. Armstrong , Matthias J. Kuhn , Jörg Peltzer and Chun Fung Tong

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Publication year: 2024

Abstract:

The production and retention of written records was a common and important facet of pre-modern rulership and administration. Much of our understanding of governmental practices and expressions of authority come from the contents of such documents, which have been well studied. Less studied, however, are the records themselves as artefacts. This volume is an attempt to redress this balance by taking a more holistic, material approach to a range of written records. Through a series of case studies, this volume explores questions regarding the material characteristics of various records and their use. It demonstrates that the material features of the records, including the size and shape, the hands that wrote them and the material substrate, can shed new light on the functioning of government and the declarations of power these records asserted. The ten contributions of this volume focus on records from a variety of rulers, political systems and administrations. With four case studies from early China and six from medieval Europe, this volume offers transcultural perspectives to demonstrate how different cultures expressed rulership and administration materially through the use of text-bearing artefacts.

Table of Contents:

1. A Material Approach to Written Artefacts of Rulership and Administration: An Introduction
   Abigail S. Armstrong, Matthias J. Kuhn, Jörg Peltzer and Chun Fung Tong

2. The Charter Scribes of King Henry III. A Palaeographical Investigation of English Royal Charter Engrossments and Enrolments, 1259–1265
   Andrew Kourris

3. The Scribe and the Witnesses: The Drafting of Witness Lists in the Charters of the Counts of Flanders (1071–1191)
   Romain Waroquier

4. To Write or to Seal? New Evidence on Literacy Practices in Early Imperial China
   Tsang Wing Ma

5. Handwriting in the Official Documents from Liye and Bureaucratic Politics in the Qin Empire
   Maxim Korolkov

6. Between Slip and Tablet. Rulership and Writing Support in Eastern Han China, 25–220 CE
   Chun Fung Tong

7. Record-Keeping on the Estates of the Earls of Northumberland. Drafts, Templates and Innovation?
   Abigail S. Armstrong

8. Layouting Authority. Graphic Reflections of Power Relationships in Early Chinese Administrative Documents
   Enno Giele

9. Enrolling Lines of Power: Yorkist Pedigree Rolls as Material Evidence of Kingship
   Matthias J. Kuhn

10. The Cartulary as a Visual Representation of Rulership. King Henry IV of England (1399–1413) and the Great Cowcher (London, TNA, DL 42/1−2)
    Jörg Peltzer

11. The Power of Bookkeeping in Late Medieval Friedberg and Gelnhausen
    Hanna Nüllen

Link: click here

Writing and Community in 300 BCE China: The Canonical Poems (Shi) at the Chu Capital of Ying

Author: 
Martin Kern

Publisher:
Brill

Publication year:
2026

Abstract:

Writing and Community in 300 BCE China is the first study to examin

e the anthology of the canonical Poems (Shi 詩) within their social and interpretive community at the ancient capital of Chu. Based on archaeological data and the analysis of recently discovered bamboo manuscripts, it identifies the Poems and other literary texts as the teaching tools of a class of low-ranking intellectuals who served the Chu royal court. From the manuscripts’ visual and literary features it reconstructs the procedures of writing, reading, and teaching at a single time and place: the court of Chu around 300 BCE.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

1. The Chronology and Geography of Early Shi-Related Manuscripts

2. The Distribution of Literary and Technical Manuscripts in Warring States Finds

3. Literary Manuscripts and Their Agents

4. Material Format, Visuality, and Use of Shi-Related Manuscripts

5. Writing, Vocalization, and the Procedures of Reading in Comparative Perspective

6. Reading the Poems in Manuscripts: Writing, Orality, and the Question of Stability

7. Defining the Canonical: the Poems as Discourse and Social Practice

8. Writing after Interpretation

Conclusion: The Poems as Discourse in Their Interpretive Community at Ying

Appendix: List of the Poems in Warring States Manuscripts from Chu

Convict Politics: From Utopia to Serfdom in Early China (221 BCE – 23 CE)

Author: Liang Cai

Publication date: January 2026

Abstract: 

In this innovative history, Liang Cai examines newly excavated manuscripts alongside traditional sources to explore convict politics in the early Chinese empires, proposing a new framework for understanding Confucian discussions of law and legal practice. 

While a substantial number of convict laborers helped operate the local bureaucratic apparatus in early China, the central court re-employed numerous previously convicted men as high officials. She argues that convict politics emerged, because, while the system often criminalized individuals, including the innocent, it was simultaneously juxtaposed with redemption policies and frequent amnesties in pursuit of a crime-free utopia. This dual system paralyzed the justice system, provoking intense Confucian criticism and resulting in a deep-seated skepticism toward law in the Chinese tradition, with a long-lasting political legacy.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

Part I. Criminalizing the Empire:

1. Convict politics and convict economy: administrative space as open prison in local governments

2. Convicts as officials: disparities between philosophical ideals and real-world politics

3. Mutual responsibility system: criminalizing the innocent

4. Brutal perfectionism: criminalizing job performance and collapse of justice

5. Performance legitimacy: absolute liabilities, heavy punishments and collective lies

Part II. A Paralyzed Justice System: 'Creating' Unlawful Commoners via Redemption and Amnesty

6. Redemption: political economy and sacrificed justice

7. Imperial amnesty: correcting the excessive punishment and regaining loyalty

8. Universal amnesty: from Utopian dream to His Majesty's splendor

The Art of Terrestrial Diagrams in Early China

Author:

Michelle H. Wang

Publisher:

University of Chicago Press

Publication date:

November 2023

Abstract:

This is the first English-language monograph on the early history of maps in China, centering on those found in three tombs that date from the fourth to the second century BCE and constitute the entire known corpus of early Chinese maps (ditu). More than a millennium separates them from the next available map in the early twelfth century CE. Unlike extant studies that draw heavily from the history of cartography, this book offers an alternative perspective by mobilizing methods from art history, archaeology, material culture, religion, and philosophy. It examines the diversity of forms and functions in early Chinese ditu to argue that these pictures did not simply represent natural topography and built environments, but rather made and remade worlds for the living and the dead. Wang explores the multifaceted and multifunctional diagrammatic tradition of rendering space in early China.

Table of Contents:

Introduction: the work of diagrams

1  Zhongshan and plans for life after death

2  Fangmatan and the bureaucratization of space

3  Mawangdui and earthly topologies of design

4  Mawangdui and the art of strategy

Coda: tunnel vision

[Dissertation] Les registres divinatoires et sacrificiels du royaume de Chu au IV e siècle avant notre ère (The divinatory and sacrificial registers of the kingdom of Chu in the fourth century B.C.)

Author:
Liang Zhong

School:
École Pratique des Hautes Études

Year:

2022

Abstract:
This dissertation focuses on Chu divinatory and sacrificial records, and more precisely on one category of practical documents from the 4th century BC’s Chu Kingdom. This unique collection of written records was found in tombs. Since 1965, 12 tombs occupied by individuals from different social origins have brought light to these documents. These mantic and sacrificial activities were conducted to ensure the improvement of the client’s career or health. Firstly, after examining the archaeological context, we analyze the composition of the divinatory and sacrificial records. Then we focused on historical actors such as diviners, persons in charge of sacrifices, scribes and clients, after which we examine divinatory and iatromantic knowledge and skills, as well as ancestors and divinities. Finally, we trace the production procedure of some divinatory registers coming from the best preserved corpus. This study intends to contribute to a better understanding of divinatory practices without direct link with the Yijing (Book of mutations). To a lesser extent, our research is a systematic review of the evolution of one type of practical document produced by a community of diviners without official organization before the unification of China in 221 BC.

You can download his dissertation here:

https://college-de-france.hal.science/tel-04085570/

A History of Civil Law in Early China: Cases, Statutes, Concepts and Beyond A History of Civil Law in Early China

Author: 

Zhaoyang Zhang

Publisher: 

Brill

Publication year: 

2022

Abstract:

How did people solve their disputes over debt, compensation, inheritance and other civil matters in early China? Did they go to court? How did the authorities view those problems? Using recently excavated early Chinese legal materials, Zhang Zhaoyang makes the compelling argument that civil law was not only developed, but also acquired a certain degree of sophistication during the Qin and Han dynasties. The state promulgated detailed regulations to deal with economic and personal relationships between individuals. The authorities formed an integral part of the formal justice system, and heard civil cases on a regular basis.

Table of Contents:

Introduction
Early cases concerning "civil" matters
The differences between Yu and Song
Early civil statutes
A detailed study on three civil sases
Fundamental concepts : Zhi, Mingfen and Min-si
Beyond civil laws
Conclusion: the Civil Law of Early China.

ある地方官吏の生涯：木簡が語る中国古代人の日常生活

Editor:

宮宅潔 (MIYAKE, Kiyoshi)

Publication date:
July 2021

Publisher:

臨川書店

Table of Contents:
はじめに

第一章　人の誕生
第一節　出生の吉凶　／　第二節　いのちの始まり

第二章　出生届――中国古代の戸籍制度――
第一節　戸籍制度のあらまし　／　第二節　戸籍制度の整備

第三章　喜をとりまく人たち――家族制度・郷里制度――
第一節　家族の暮らし　／　第二節　郷里社会のすがた

第四章　書記官への道――教育制度――
第一節　書記官の養成とその地位　／　第二節　知識習得の場とテキスト

第五章　役人生活の始まり――地方行政制度・裁判制度――
第一節　官吏のキャリアと地方官府の構造　／　第二節　「治獄」の仕事

第六章　結婚と夫婦関係――婚姻制度――
第一節　喜の結婚　／　第二節　夫婦関係

第七章　従軍生活――秦の戦役史と軍事制度――
第一節　秦の軍事制度　／　第二節　兵士の日常

第八章　喜のそれから
第一節　喜の後半生――両親の死と相続――　／　第二節　始皇帝の臣民として

第九章　老いと死――人生の終わりに――
第一節　寿命とやまい　／　第二節　死と葬送

Early China 43 (2020) 《古代中國》第43期

 

Table of Contents:
Letter from the Editor
LETTER FROM THE EDITOR
Sarah Allan 

主編的信

艾蘭

Articles
QIAN 謙 IN EARLY CHINESE THOUGHT
Doil Kim 

中國古代思想中的“謙”

金渡鎰

A DREAM OF THE SELF: IDENTITY IN THE “INNER CHAPTERS” OF THE ZHUANGZI
Matthew James Hamm

自我之夢：《莊子·內篇》中的“身份”問題

安天皓

REVEALING CONTINGENCY THROUGH SHUN'S 舜 ASCENSION TO THE THRONE
Youngsun Back

對舜即位故事的各種解釋和其“命”有關的研究

白英宣

CAPTURING THE WORLD IN WORDS: LATER MOHIST HERMENEUTIC THEORIES ON LANGUAGE AND DISPUTATION
Erica F. Brindley

以語言把握世界：後期墨家的語言與辯論的詮釋學理論

錢德樑

 
INTRODUCING THE *WU ZE YOU XING TU MANUSCRIPT FROM MAWANGDUI
Luke Waring

馬王堆《物則有形圖》概述

康路華

WHAT THE ELITES ACTUALLY WORE IN 500–300 B.C.E. CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM TEXTILES, BAMBOO, AND BRONZES
Kin Sum (Sammy) Li

公元前500-300年中國的精英穿甚麼：紡織物、竹器、銅器的證據

李建深

BIRDS AND BEASTS WERE MANY: THE ECOLOGY AND CLIMATE OF THE GUANZHONG BASIN IN THE PRE-IMPERIAL PERIOD
Brian Lander

禽獸衆：先秦時期關中盆地的生態與氣候

蘭德

WOMEN'S ROLE IN THE PRODUCTION AND SALE OF ALCOHOL IN HAN CHINA AS REFLECTED IN TOMB ART FROM SICHUAN
Hajni Elias

四川漢墓藝術品裡所見漢代釀酒與販售中的女性角色

薛好佩

WANG CHONG'S FATALISM
Yunwoo Song

王充的宿命論

宋允宇

Bibliography
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS
Compiled by Wen-Yi Huang

博士論文提要

黃文儀彙編

ANNUAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
Compiled by Wen-Yi Huang

年度論著目錄

黃文儀彙編

後漢・魏晋簡牘の世界

Editors:
伊藤　敏雄  (Toshio Itou) & 関尾　史郎 (Shiro Sekio)

Publication date:
March 2020

Publisher:
汲古書院

Table of Contents:

はしがき（関尾史郎）
　凡例
　出土史料の主要テキストとその略号

第一部　走馬楼呉簡の世界

臨湘県の地理的環境と走馬楼呉簡　…………………………………　安部聡一郎
「嘉禾五年貧民貸食米斛數簿」について　……………　熊　曲（小野　響 訳）
走馬楼呉簡「史潘慮料刺中倉吏李金所領嘉禾三年雜米要簿」
　　に関する一考察…………………………………………楊　芬（石原遼平 訳）
走馬楼呉簡吏民簿の編製時期について　………………………………　鷲尾祐子
走馬楼呉簡から見た孫呉の塩政 ………………………………………　蘇　俊 林

第二部　後漢・魏晋簡牘の諸相

長沙五一広場後漢簡牘の概観　…………………………………………　髙村武幸
南京出土三国呉・西晋簡について　……………………………………　永田拓治
楼蘭魏晋簡の再検討
　――楼蘭魏晋簡の分類と券の書式を中心に――　…………………　伊藤敏雄
甘粛・臨沢出土の西晋簡をめぐって
――訴訟関係文書と「塢」・「塢舎」の理解を中心に――　………　町田隆吉
漢簡からみた国家の物資輸送と雇用労働 ……………………………　李　周 炫
名刺簡をめぐる諸問題　…………………………………………………　関尾史郎

　あとがき（伊藤敏雄）

Chinese Annals in the Western Observatory: An Outline of Western Studies of Chinese Unearthed Documents

Author:
Edward L. Shaughnessy

Publication date:
18 Nov 2019

Publisher: 
De Gruyter Mouton

Abstract:
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, hundreds of thousands of documents of all sorts have been unearthed in China, opening whole new fields of study and transforming our modern understanding of ancient China. While these discoveries have necessarily taken place in China, Western scholars have also contributed to the study of these documents throughout this entire period.

This book provides a comprehensive survey of the contributions of these Western scholars to the field of Chinese paleography, and especially to study of oracle-bone inscriptions, bronze and stone inscriptions, and manuscripts written on bamboo and silk. Each of these topics is provided with a comprehensive narrative history of studies by Western scholars, as well as an exhaustive bibliography and biographies of important scholars in the field. It is also supplied with a list of Chinese translations of these studies, as well as a complete index of authors and their works. Whether the reader is interested in the history of ancient China, ancient Chinese paleographic documents, or just in the history of the study of China as it has developed in the West, this book provides one of the most complete accounts available to date.

[Dissertation] Writing and Materiality in the Three Han Dynasty Tombs at Mawangdui

Author:
Waring, Luke

School:
Princeton University

Defended:
2019

Abstract:

This dissertation is a study of the different kinds of writing excavated in the 1970s from the three Western Han dynasty (202 BCE-9 CE) tombs at Mawangdui 馬王堆, including manuscripts on silk, wood, and bamboo, and inscriptions in different media. I examine the ways these texts were produced, performed, used, viewed, and buried in order to determine the different roles writing played in the lives and afterlives of three members of one noble family, and those connected to them, in the second century BCE. In the process, I show that in addition to recording or communicating important knowledge or information, written texts were also incorporated into a diverse array of artifacts and integrated into a wide variety of cultural practices, and that writing in early Western Han thus ought to be understood as part of early Chinese material and visual culture.

The Introduction provides an overview of the Mawangdui tombs and their contents, including the manuscripts and texts that were found there, as well as recent scholarship on writing, literacy, and material culture. Chapter 1 is concerned with the different ways the Mawangdui manuscripts and inscriptions were produced. Chapter 2 explores how some of the manuscripts were used in ritual performance and display. Chapter 3 describes the use of written texts as amulets and talismans. Chapter 4 details the visual effects of certain kinds of manuscripts. And Chapter 5 speculates about the ways the manuscripts were used and stored above ground, and why they were deposited in the tomb. Finally, my Conclusion summarizes my findings, and the Appendix provides a table containing information about the material and codicological features of the Mawangdui manuscripts and related artifacts.


Table of Contents:

Introduction – Writing, Materiality, and Mawangdui 

Chapter 1 – Producing Texts: The Materiality of Textual Production at Mawangdui

Chapter 2 – Performing Texts: Writing in Rituals and Ceremonies

Chapter 3 – The Materiality of the Sign: Texts as Amulets and Talismans

Chapter 4 – Visualizing Texts: The Visual Design of Texts on Silk

Chapter 5 – Owning Texts: From Library to Tomb

The Chu Silk Manuscripts from Zidanku, Changsha (Hunan Province): Volume One: Discovery and Transmission

Author:
Li Ling

Translator and editor: 
Lothar von Falkenhausen

Publisher:
The Chinese University Press

Publication date:
June 2020

Abstract:

The Silk Manuscripts from Zidanku 子彈庫, Changsha (Hunan) are the only pre-imperial Chinese manuscripts on silk found to date. Dating to the turn from the fourth to the third centuries BC (Late Warring States period), they contain several short texts concerning basic cosmological concepts in a diagrammatic arrangement and surrounded by pictorial illustrations. As such, they constitute a unique source of information complementing and going beyond what is known from transmitted texts.

This is the first in a two-volume monograph on the Zidanku manuscripts, reflecting almost four decades of research by Professor Li Ling of Peking University. While the philological study and translation of the manuscript texts is the subject of Volume II, this first volume presents the archaeological context and history of transmission of the physical manuscripts. It records how they were taken from their original place of interment in the 1940s and taken to the United States in 1946; documents the early stages in the research on the finds from the Zidanku tomb and its reexcavation in the 1970s; and accounts for where the manuscripts were kept before becoming the property, respectively, of the Arthur M. Sackler Foundation, New York (Manuscript 1), and the Freer and Sackler Galleries, Smithsonian Institution (Manuscripts 2 and 3). Superseding previous efforts, this is the definitive account that will set the record straight and establish a new basis for future research on these uniquely important artifacts.

魏晋南北朝史のいま

Editor:
窪添慶文 (KUBOZOE Yoshifumi)

Publication Date:
September, 2017

Publisher:
勉誠出版

Abstract:

魏晋南北朝時代は秦漢統一帝国と隋唐統一帝国の中間に位置する。
政治的に複数の政権が並立する分裂の時代ではあるが、そこには新しい動きが様々な点で生まれ、成長して行き、隋唐時代に繋がって行く。
それら新しい動きを「政治・人物」、「思想・文化」、「国都・都城」、「出土資料」の4つの側面から捉え、魏晋南北朝史研究の「いま」を分かりやすく解説し、非統一時代に生きた人々・物事の足跡を浮かび上がらせる。

Table of Contents:

総論―魏晋南北朝史のいま 窪添慶文

Ⅰ 政治・人物
曹丕―三分された日輪の時代 田中靖彦
晋恵帝賈皇后の実像 小池直子
赫連勃勃―「五胡十六国」史への省察を起点として 徐冲（板橋暁子・訳）
陳の武帝とその時代 岡部毅史
李沖 松下憲一
北周武帝の華北統一 会田大輔
それぞれの「正義」 堀内淳一

Ⅱ 思想・文化
魏晋期の儒教 古勝隆一
南北朝の雅楽整備における『周礼』の新解釈について 戸川貴行
南朝社会と仏教―王法と仏法の関係 倉本尚徳
北朝期における「邑義」の諸相―国境地域における仏教と人々 北村一仁
山中道館の興起 魏斌（田熊敬之・訳）
史部の成立 永田拓治
書法史における刻法・刻派という新たな視座―北魏墓誌を中心に 澤田雅弘

Ⅲ 国都・都城
鄴城に見る都城制の転換 佐川英治
建康とその都市空間 小尾孝夫
魏晋南北朝の長安 内田昌功
北魏人のみた平城 岡田和一郎
北魏洛陽城―住民はいかに統治され、居住したか 角山典幸
統万城 市来弘志
「蜀都」とその社会―成都 二二一―三四七年 新津健一郎
辺境都市から王都へ―後漢から五涼時代にかける姑臧城の変遷 陳力

Ⅳ 出土資料から見た新しい世界
竹簡の製作と使用―長沙走馬楼三国呉簡の整理作業で得た知見から 金平（石原遼平・訳）
走馬楼呉簡からみる三国呉の郷村把握システム 安部聡一郎
呉簡吏民簿と家族・女性 鷲尾祐子
魏晋時代の壁画 三崎良章
北朝の墓誌文化 梶山智史
北魏後期の門閥制 窪添慶文

周縁領域からみた秦漢帝国

Editor:
髙村武幸 (TAKAMURA Takeyuki)

Publisher:
六一書房

Publication Date:
September, 2017

Table of Contents:

前　言

第1 部　秦の周縁領域

渡邉 英幸　「戦国秦の国境を越えた人びと　─岳麓秦簡『為獄等状』の「邦亡」と「帰義」を中心に─」

目黒 杏子　「秦代県下の「廟」─里耶秦簡と岳麓書院蔵秦簡「秦律令」にみえる諸廟の考察─」

第2 部　漢代西北部周縁領域の考察

廣瀬 薫雄　「漢代酒泉郡表是県城遺跡を探して　─草溝井城調査記─」

青木 俊介　「漢代肩水地区A32 所在機関とその業務関係　─肩水金関と肩水東部を中心に─」

髙村 武幸　「前漢後半期以降の河西地域に対する物資供給　─漢代辺郡の存在意義を考える手がかりとして─」

第3 部　周縁の地域社会とその構成員

鈴木 直美　「漢代フロンティア形成者のプロフィール　─居延漢簡・肩水金関漢簡にみる卒の年齢に着目して─」

飯田 祥子　「公孫述政権の興亡　─両漢交替期地域政権の一事例─」

鷲尾 祐子　「終の棲家　─女性の帰属に関する試論─」

後　記

Stalk Divination: A Newly Discovered Alternative to the I Ching

Editors and translators:
Constance A. Cook and Zhao Lu (趙璐)

Publication Date:
July, 2017

Publisher:
Oxford University Press 

Abstract:

This book presents for the first time a full translation and analysis of a newly discovered bamboo divination manual from the fourth century BCE China, called the Stalk Divination Method (Shifa 筮法). It was used as an alternative to the better-known Zhouyi (popularly known as the I-Ching). The Shifa manual presents a competing method of interpreting the trigrams, the most basic elements of the distinctive sixty-four hexagrams in the Zhouyi. This newly discovered method looks at the combination of four trigrams as a fluid, changeable pattern or unit reflective of different circumstances in an elite man's life. Unlike the Zhouyi, this new manual provides case studies that explain how to read the trigram patterns for different topics. This method is unprecedented in early China and has left no trace in later Chinese divination traditions. Shifa must be understood then as a competing voice in the centuries before the Zhouyi became the hegemonic standard. The authors of this book have translated this new text and "cracked the code" of its logic. This new divination will change our understanding of Chinese divination and bring new light to Zhouyi studies.

Table of Contents:

Preface
Introduction
General Principles of Shifa Interpretation
Reflections of Shifa-style Divination in Other Texts
Transcription and Translation

睡虎地秦简と墓葬からみた楚·秦·漢

Author:
松崎つね子 (Matsuzaki Tsuneko)

Publisher:
汲古書院

Publication Date:
April, 2017

Table of Contents:

解題に代えて（髙村武幸）

第一章　睡虎地一一号秦墓竹簡「編年記」よりみた墓主「喜」について

第二章　湖北における秦墓の被葬者について
――睡虎地一一号秦墓、被葬者「喜」と関連して――

第三章　楚・秦・漢墓の変遷より秦の統一をみる
――頭向・葬式・墓葬構造等を通じて――

第四章　戦国楚の木俑と鎮墓獣について

第五章　戦国秦漢の墓葬に見る地下世界の変遷
――馬王堆漢墓を手がかりに――

第六章　漆器烙印文字に見る秦漢髹漆工芸経営形態の変遷とその意味

第七章　「㳉」について
――『秦律』「效律」解釈を通じて――

第八章　睡虎地秦簡にみる秦の馬牛管理
――龍崗秦簡・馬王堆一号漢墓「副葬品目録」もあわせて――

第九章　睡虎地秦簡よりみた秦の家族と国家

第一〇章　睡虎地秦簡における「非公室告」・「家罪」

あとがき・編者後記・英文目次・中文目次・索　引

漢簡語彙考証

Editor:
冨谷至 (Itaru Tomiya)

Publisher: 
岩波書店 Iwanami Shoten

Publication Date:
March 2015

Abstract:

『漢簡語彙　中国古代木簡辞典』は，いかなる過程を経て結実したのか．2004年にはじまった京都大学人文科学研究所における共同研究の成果は辞典として集大成されたが，その項目がそぎ落とされた記述となるまでの，具体的な議論と考証の中身を明らかにする．漢簡概説，事項考証，語彙考証の三部からなる，『漢簡語彙』の姉妹編．

Table of Contents:

序
Ⅰ   漢簡概説　（冨谷至）
　　一　木簡の発見
　　（１）木簡€竹簡
　　（２）簡牘の発見
　　二　漢簡研究の軌跡
　　三　簡牘の形状と名称
　　（１）長さとその意味
　　（２）単独簡の名称と用途
        （３）木簡の素材
　　四　辺境出土簡の時代
　　五　辺境行政と漢簡の内容
　　（１）都尉府€候官€部€燧
　　（２）関所€倉
　　（３）動く簡と動かない簡
　　六　漢簡の文字と語彙
　　（１）書体
　　（２）木簡語彙
　　
Ⅱ   事項考証
　　一　エチナ川遺跡の最新情報（森谷一樹）
　　二　弓の部品の名称について（杉本憲司）
　　三　訴訟手続き（鷹取祐司）
　　四　農官について（佐藤達郎）
        五　王莽時代の漢簡
　　（１）王莽簡の特徴（門田明）
　　（２）王莽簡の官職（藤井律之）
　　（３）地名変更－とくに居延都尉府をめぐって（鷹取祐司）
　　六　漢代の時制（吉村昌之）
　　
Ⅲ   語彙考証

La fabrique du lisible: La mise en texte des manuscrits de la Chine ancienne et médiévale

Author: 
Jean Pierre Drège; Costantino Moretti

Publisher: 
Paris : Collège de France, Institut des hautes études chinoises

Publication Year: 
2014

Abstract:

La fabrique du lisible rassemble 51 contributions consacrées aux manuscrits chinois anciens et médiévaux. Le livre chinois est ici abordé sous tous ses aspects. Une attention particulière est accordée à la forme des livres et à leur mise en texte. 

Si la plupart des articles concernent la période médiévale, et en particulier les manuscrits de Dunhuang, plusieurs contributions sont aussi consacrées à des manuscrits de l’époque des Han. La prise en compte de l’évolution du livre chinois sur la longue durée constitue une des spécificités de cette étude. 

La fabrique du lisible bénéficie en outre d’un grand nombre d’illustrations couleur qui permettent de se représenter très clairement les différents types de manuscrits décrits et analysés dans cet ouvrage.

Table of Contents:

Textes du Canon confucéen et philologie  (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Le Livre des Mutations 周易 (Dimitri Drettas)

Le Livre des Documents 尚書 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Le Livre des Odes 詩經 (Olivier Venture)

Le Cérémonial de Mozuizi 磨嘴子儀禮  (Olivier Venture)

Les Printemps et Automnes 春秋 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Le Livre de la Piété filiale 孝經 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

L’Approche de la perfection (Françoise Bottéro)

Les Entretiens de Confucius 論語 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les manuels de caractères de l’époque Qin-Han (Françoise Bottéro)

Les livres de rimes 切韻 (Françoise Bottéro)

La Liste essentielle des noms corrects 正名要錄 (Françoise Bottéro)

Les recueils d’anecdotes historiques (Olivier Venture)

L’Histoire des Han 漢書 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les recensions manuscrites du Laozi 老子 (Dimitri Drettas)

Les Six arcanes stratégiques 六韜 (Olivier Venture)

Les calendriers (Alain Arrault)

Le manuscrit arithmétique de Zhangjiashan 張家山算數書 (Jean-Claude Martzloff)

Le Livre des Calculs 算經 (Jean-Claude Martzloff)

Deux types de manuscrits mantiques (Dimitri Drettas)

Les recueils de matière médicale 本草 (Éric Trombert)

Les recettes médicamenteuses 藥方 (Catherine Despeux)

Les encyclopédies 類書  (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les manuels de correspondance 書儀 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Un poème des Han : L’« Exposition du corbeau prodigieux » de Yinwan 尹灣神烏傅 (Valérie Lavoix)

L’Anthologie des belles-lettres 文選 (Valérie Lavoix)

Les registres surimposés de deux copies anciennes du Dharmapāda (Costantino Moretti)

Les divisions du Sūtra du Lotus 法華經  (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Le Sūtra du Diamant 金剛經 (Sylvie Hureau)

Les copies signées du Sūtra d’Amitāyus 無量壽經 (Costantino Moretti)

Les commentaires de sūtra bouddhiques (Sylvie Hureau)

L’organisation du texte et du commentaire dans le Traité de la grande vertu de sagesse 大智度論 (Costantino Moretti)

Notes et Catégories doctrinales du Traité des étapes de la pratique du yoga 瑜伽師地論分門記 (Costantino Moretti)

Techniques de repérage dans un recueil d’interprétations de termes bouddhiques 法門名義集 (Costantino Moretti)

Un talisman-dhāraṇī (Christine Mollier)

La table des matières de l’Essentiel des secrets suprêmes 無上袐要 (Christine Mollier)

Le stūpa du Sūtra du coeur de la perfection de gnose 般若波羅蜜多心經  (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Deux diagrammes de cosmologie bouddhique (Françoise Wang-Toutain)

Le diagramme des explications doctrinales d’un commentaire au Traité sur la production de la foi dans le Grand Véhicule 大乘起信論 (Françoise Wang-Toutain)

Les dhāraṇī des neuf planètes 九曜真言 en forme de vajra (Françoise Wang-Toutain)

Les manuscrits illustrés (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les cartes géographiques dans la Chine ancienne (Olivier Venture)

Ponctuation, balises et autres signes de lecture (Olivier Venture et Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les pièces de soie 帛書 (Olivier Venture)

Les tablettes 木牘 (Olivier Venture)

Les rouleaux de lattes de bois et de bambou 木竹簡 (Olivier Venture)

Les rouleaux de papier 卷軸 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les ôles chinoises 貝多 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les reliures en sūtra 經摺裝 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les livres en tourbillon 旋風裝 (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Les codices (Jean-Pierre Drège)

Manuscrits et pièces insolites (Jean-Pierre Drège)

The Writing System of Scribe Zhou: Evidence from Late Pre-imperial Chinese Manuscripts and Inscriptions (5th-3rd Centuries BCE)

Author:
Park, Haeree

Publisher:
DeGruyter

Publication Date:
2016.2

Abstract:

This book investigates the nature of regional variation in the early Chinese writing system through bamboo manuscripts and inscriptions dating from the late pre-imperial China (5th-3rd centuries BCE). Diachronic and synchronic comparisons of graphic details show that none of the well-recognized regional varieties developed independently from one another. Furthermore, differences in graphic components can be accounted for as alternations of graphs that are compatible in their semantic or phonetic values. The phonological systems underlying various regional orthographies unanimously point to a single coherent sound system with some mixture of dialect pronunciations. This strongly suggests that all the late pre-imperial regional scripts derived from a kind of orthographic meta-system based on one spoken standard language. This orthography and its phonological systems should reasonably be dated to ca. 9th century BCE, just about the time when the earliest known Chinese lexicography "Book of Scribe Zhou" (ca. 830 BCE) was written. The conclusions of this book have further implications on reading and understanding manuscript texts in general as well as on using them as data for linguistic studies.

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction

2. The Old Chinese phonology

4. The Chu Script

5. The Shanghai “Zhouyi” 周易 and the Early Chinese Orthography

6. Conclusions

Appendix I: A Lexicon of the Shanghai “Zhouyi”

Appendix II: Index of Synonymous Significs and Equivalent Phonophorics

Index of Equivalent Phonophorics


* Please click on the link below to download the book
https://www.degruyter.com/viewbooktoc/product/463696

** Thank Dr. Albert Galvany for sharing this information

中国古代国家と情報伝達: 秦漢簡牘の研究

Author:
藤田　勝久 (Fujita, Katsuhisa)

Publication Date:
March, 2016

Publisher:
汲古書院

Abstract:

　本書は、中国出土資料の機能を通じて、秦漢時代の郡県制における文書伝達と情報処理、交通システムの原理を明らかにしようと試みるものである。こうした簡牘にみえる情報伝達の特徴を通じて、中国古代国家と地域社会の特質を解明することが目的である。各章は、以下のような構成である。

　第一編「秦漢簡牘の機能と情報伝達」では、秦代の県城である里耶古城と、県レベルの機構である甲　渠候官と肩水候官、その下部にある肩水金関、県の下部にある懸泉置を基礎として、簡牘の機能（文書逓伝、冊書の文書伝達、情報処理、単独簡の用法、通行証としての伝）に注目し、秦漢時代の情報伝達の原理を明らかにする。第一章「里耶秦簡と秦代郡県制」は、出土資料学としての機能を整理して、県の領域にある地方官府の役割を考察する。第二章「漢代地方の文書逓伝と情報処理」は、中央と地方を結ぶ懸泉置の文書逓伝と、張掖郡に所属する県レベルの甲渠候官を中心として、冊書の伝達と文書処理を考察する。第三章「漢代地方の文書処理と『発』」は、漢代の文書処理について考察する。第四章「漢代檄の伝達方法と機能」は、冊書の文書に対して、觚の形状をもち単独で使用される檄の伝達を考察している。第五章「漢代交通と伝の機能」は、懸泉漢簡にみえる「失亡伝信冊」を手がかりとして、全国に発信される文書伝達と、伝信（伝、通行証）の形態について論じている。第六章「漢簡にみえる地方官府の伝」は、懸泉漢簡の敦煌郡が発給する形式を手がかりとして、伝の形態と機能や、出張の用務と東方社会との関係、漢代西北の交通維持と規制について考察している。

　第二編「秦漢時代の交通と情報伝達」では、交通システムに関する規定や、懸泉置という郵駅の施設、肩水金関、褒斜道の交通ルートにある石刻資料を対象とする。ここでは交通システムと情報伝達に注目し、漢王朝の県レベルの領域にある懸泉置や肩水金関の役割を考察している。第七章「秦漢交通システムと出土資料」は、中国交通史と出土資料について概観し、交通システムに関する法令として、張家山漢簡「伝食律」「津関令」と『奏獻書』などの規定を整理している。第八章「漢代西北の交通と懸泉置」は、懸泉置の構造と漢簡を概観したあと、郵書として受け渡しをする文書と、懸泉置に到達した文書伝達を考察している。第九章「エチナ河流域の交通と肩水金関」は、肩水候官と肩水金関が接近しており、その役割が関連するといわれることから、居延漢簡にみえる両者の簡牘をあわせて分析する。第十章「後漢時代の交通と情報伝達」は、漢中の褒斜道石刻をめぐって、その交通ルートと道路工事の関係を、地域社会との関連で考察している。終章「中国古代の出土資料と地域社会」は、秦帝国の制度を受け継いだ漢王朝の制度を基本として、地方官府の文書伝達と情報処理の原理を整理している。ここでは漢代の文書処理の方法や、単独簡の機能を述べている。とくに注意した点は、つぎの通りである。①中央政府の文書行政に対して、地方官府と下部の吏民におよぶ情報伝達と運営の実態を広く対象とすること。このとき県レベルの官府では、秦代の里耶秦簡と、漢代の居延漢簡、懸泉漢簡を比較して、文書システムの共通規格（format、フォーマット）を解明しようとしている。これは情報技術を重視する方面である。②漢代の懸泉置と肩水金関の役割を通じて、交通の維持と検察や、人びとの往来、書信と口頭におよぶ情報伝達を考えること。これは古代中国に共通する交通システムの原理を分析する方面である。③秦漢時代の簡牘の特徴では、出土した地域性と時代の変化に注意しながら、地方行政との関係を考察した。ここでは情報処理の技術を生み出したテクノラートとその社会背景を想定し、中国古代国家と地域社会の特質を展望する。こうした秦漢時代の情報技術は、伝統中国の国家と社会を考えるだけではなく、東アジアの資料学や、現代の情報社会にかかわるテーマとなっている。

Table of Contents:

　序　章  中国古代の出土資料と情報伝達

第一編　秦漢簡牘の機能と情報伝達

　第一章　里耶秦簡と秦代郡県制

　　第一節　里耶秦簡と出土資料学

　　第二節  里耶秦簡の交通資料と県社会

　第二章  漢代地方の文書逓伝と情報処理

　第三章  漢代地方の文書処理と「発」

　〔補論〕「署某発」について

　第四章  漢代檄の伝達方法と機能―文書と口頭伝達

　第五章　漢代交通と伝の機能―懸泉漢簡を中心として

　第六章　漢簡にみえる地方官府の伝

第二編　秦漢時代の交通と情報伝達

　第七章  秦漢交通システムと出土資料

　第八章  漢代西北の交通と懸泉置

　第九章　エチナ河流域の交通と肩水金関

　第十章　後漢時代の交通と情報伝達―褒斜道の石刻をめぐって

　終　章  中国古代の出土資料と地域社会

あとがき／初出一覧／索引（文献と出土資料、事項）