中華の成立: 唐代まで（シリーズ中国の歴史1）

Author:
渡辺信一郎 Watanabe, Shinichiro

Publisher:
岩波書店

Publication date:
November 2019

Table of Contents:

いま、中国史をみつめなおすために――シリーズ 中国の歴史のねらい（執筆者一同）

はじめに

第一章　「中原」の形成――夏殷周三代
　一　農耕社会の形成――新石器時代
　二　夏殷周三代
　三　殷周時代の政治統合――貢献制から封建制へ

第二章　中国の形成――春秋・戦国
　一　春秋・戦国の「英雄時代」
　二　小農民社会の形成――百生から百姓へ
　三　封建制から県制へ
　四　商鞅の変法――前四世紀中葉の体制改革

第三章　帝国の形成――秦漢帝国
　一　郡県制から郡国制へ
　二　武帝の時代――帝国の形成

第四章　中国の古典国制――王莽の世紀
　一　宣帝の中興
　二　王莽の世紀
　三　王莽を生みだす社会
　四　後漢の古典国制

第五章　分裂と再統合――魏晋南北朝
　一　漢魏革命
　二　華北地方社会の変貌
　三　西晋――中原統一王朝の再建
　四　五胡十六国と天下の分裂
　五　鮮卑拓跋部の華北統合

第六章　古典国制の再建――隋唐帝国
　一　隋文帝の天下再統一
　二　天可汗の大唐帝国
　三　『大唐六典』の唐代国制

おわりに

磚画・壁画からみた魏晋時代の河西

Editors:
關尾史郎 (Sekio Shiro)、
町田隆吉 (Machida, Takayoshi)

Publication date:
September 2019

Publisher:
汲古書院

Table of Contents:

はしがき/關尾史郎

第一部　総　論

河西各地の魏晋墓出土画像磚について――出土資料の問題点と今後の展望――/北村　永

河西磚画墓とその時代――新城墓群を中心として――/關尾史郎

敦煌祁家湾古墓出土「五胡十六国」時代の磚画をめぐって――敦煌地区における来世観とその周辺――/町田隆吉

魏晋時代河西の壁画墓と壁画の一面――遼陽との比較を通して――/三﨑良章

第二部　各　論

河西出土文物から見た朝服制度の受容と変容――魏晋・五胡期、胡漢混淆地帯における礼制伝播のあり方――/小林　聡

魏晋時代の河西にみられる楽器――琵琶系楽器・琴瑟系楽器・洞簫系楽器を中心に――/荻　美津夫

画像資料に見る魏晋時代の武器――河西地域を中心として――/内田宏美

甘粛省河西地方出土の犂耕関係画像一覧（稿）/渡部　武

引用文献目録

あとがき（町田隆吉）

[Dissertation] The Literary Formation of Cultural Communities in Mid-Third- Through Early Fifth-Century China

Author:
Graham Chamness

Defended:
2018

School:
Harvard University

Abstract:

“The Literary Formation of Cultural Communities in Mid-Third- through Early Fifth-Century China,” explores elite social gatherings and the literature produced at those gatherings at the beginning of the period of division between north and south. This largely coincides with the Eastern Jin dynasty (317-420), the first southern dynasty, whose court was founded south of the Yangzi River with the help of a small group of aristocratic families after the territorial loss of the north to invading tribes. Previous scholarship tends to characterize this period as a moment in history when the cultural elite turned inwardly toward an esoteric metaphysical discourse concerned with self-discovery. While not entirely false, this view is misleading at least in the sense that it overlooks the degree to which emigre elites of the Eastern Jin turned toward each other, through their shared interest in the discourse of the "arcane" (xuan), here referring to the mystical Way that was at once spoken of by the Taoist philosophical texts preserved from antiquity and by the Buddhist sutras being translated in China from India and Central Asia, and sought to rebuild a sense of community together in the absence of their ancestral heartland. I argue that the elite social gatherings we read about in works like the Shishuo xinyu (New Account of Tales of the World) and literary writings produced at those gatherings, such as the poems composed by various participants at the famous gathering at Lanting in 353, and other social writings preserved in Buddhist anthologies and personal literary collections reveal a common trope during this period of being joined together as a community through individual absorption in a shared mystical understanding of the ineffable Way, of the great men of the past, and of the teachings of the Buddha. Being defined in some sense by not belonging to the court, the elites from this brief slice of time configure themselves into cultural communities that are markedly different from the cultural worlds of the periods that come immediately before and after, when literary output was primarily centered around the court.

Asian Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2019): Meaning and transformation of Chinese funerary art during the Han and Wei Jin Nanbei periods

Table of Contents:

Guest Editor’s Foreword
Guest Editor’s Foreword
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8589
5-9

Fuxi and Nüwa from Centre to Periphery
Integration and Transformation: A Study of the Sun and the Moon Depicted in the Imagery of Fuxi and Nüwa
Jinchao Zhao https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8390
13-45

Transmission of Han Pictorial Motifs into the Western Periphery: Fuxi and Nüwa in the Wei-Jin Mural Tombs in the Hexi Corridor
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8458
47-86

Chinese-Buddhist Encounter: Synthesis of Fuxi-Nüwa and the Cintamani in Early Medieval Chinese Art
Fan Zhang https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8318
87-111

Meaning of the Bi Disc and the Hunping Spirit Jar

Representation of Heaven and Beyond
The Bi Disc Imagery in the Han Burial Context
Hau-ling Eileen Lam https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8415
115-151

The Meaning of Birds on Hunping (Spirit Jars)
The Religious Imagination of Second to Fourth century Jiangnan
Keith Nathaniel Knapp https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8471
153-172

Tomb Iconography in the Territory between the southwestern to northern Frontiers

Cliff Tomb Burial and Decorated Stone Sarcophagi from Sichuan from the Eastern Han Dynasty
Hajni Pejsue Elias https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8212
175-201

Dual Portraits of the Deceased in Yangqiaopan M1, Jingbian, Shaanxi
Leslie Wallace https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8311
203-219

The Representation of Military Troops in Pingcheng Tombs and the Private Household Institution of Buqu in Practice https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/as/article/view/8313
Chin-Yin Tseng
221-243

How to Read Chinese Poetry in Context: Poetic Culture from Antiquity Through the Tang

Editor: 
Zong-qi Cai

Publisher:
Columbia University Press

Publication Date: 
February 2018

Abstract:

How to Read Chinese Poetry in Context is an introduction to the golden age of Chinese poetry, spanning the earliest times through the Tang dynasty (618–907). It aims to break down barriers—between language and culture, poetry and history—that have stood in the way of teaching and learning Chinese poetry. Not only a primer in early Chinese poetry, the volume demonstrates the unique and central role of poetry in the making of Chinese culture.

Each chapter focuses on a specific theme to show the interplay between poetry and the world. Readers discover the key role that poetry played in Chinese diplomacy, court politics, empire building, and institutionalized learning; as well as how poems shed light on gender and women’s status, war and knight-errantry, Daoist and Buddhist traditions, and more. The chapters also show how people of different social classes used poetry as a means of gaining entry into officialdom, creating self-identity, fostering friendship, and airing grievances. The volume includes historical vignettes and anecdotes that contextualize individual poems, investigating how some featured texts subvert and challenge the grand narratives of Chinese history. Presenting poems in Chinese along with English translations and commentary, How to Read Chinese Poetry in Context unites teaching poetry with the social circumstances surrounding its creation, making it a pioneering and versatile text for the study of Chinese language, literature, history, and culture.

Table of Contents:

Introduction: The Cultural Role of Chinese Poetry, by Zong-qi Cai

Part I: Pre-Han Times

1. Poetry and Diplomacy in The Zuo Commentary(Zuozhuan), by Wai-yee Li

2. Poetry and Authorship: The Songs of Chu (Chuci), by Stephen Owen

Part II: The Han Dynasty

3. Empire in Text: Sima Xiangru’s “Sir Vacuous/Imperial Park Rhapsody”(“Zixu/Shanglin fu”), by Yu-yu Cheng and Gregory Patterson

4. Poetry and Ideology: The Canonization of the Book of Poetry (Shijing) During the Han, by Zong-qi Cai

5. Love Beyond the Grave: A Tragic Tale of Love and Marriage in Han China, by Olga Lomová

Part III: The Six Dynasties

6. Heroes from Chaotic Times: The Three Caos, by Xinda Lian

7. The Worthies of the Bamboo Grove, by Nanxiu Qian

8. The Poetry of Reclusion: Tao Qian, by Alan Berkowitz

9. The Struggling Buddhist Mind: Shen Yue, by Meow Hui Goh

Art in a Time of Chaos: Masterworks from Six Dynasties China

Publisher:
New York : China Institute in America

Publication date:
2016

Abstract:
Art in a Time of Chaos: Masterworks from Six Dynasties China provides the first major survey of Chinese culture and its international influences during the Six Dynasties period, as well as the relationship between the two dominant political centers in the North and South. This bilingual catalogue of the exhibition presents more than 100 ceramics, sculpture, calligraphy, and paintings, many only recently unearthed. 12 essays by leading scholars explore the works and artistic achievements of the period in greater depth, and the informative appendix features renowned Six Dynasties artistic subjects and a glossary of characters and terminology.

Table of contents:

Forword / Gong Liang

Preface / Willow Weilan Hai

Six Dynasties: Seeking the Origin of Chinese Art / Willow Weilan Hai

Important Archaeological Findings of the Six Dynasties (in the South) / Gong Liang

Jiankang : The Southern Capital and Metropolitan Life / Bai Ning

The Northern Dynasties and Major Archaeological Discoveries / Shi Jinming

Celadon and Customs of the Six Dynasties / Willow Weilan Hai

Buddhist Sculpture: Innovation, Invention and Imagination / Annette L. Juliano

Negotiating the Afterlife in the Tombs of the Northern and Southern Dynasties / Susan L. Beningson 

Calligraphy of the Six Dynasties / Xue Longchun

An Overview of Seals from the Wei-Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties / Zhou Xiaolu and Zhu Bang

The Admonition of the Instructress to the Court Ladies and the Six Dynasties / Clarissa von Spee

After the "Five Barbarians Brought Disorder to China" : Painting in north China in the Sixth Century / David Ake Sensabaugh

Key events in the history of art in the Six Dynasties period / Li Xiujian

Appendices

Table of Six Dynasties artists by period / Li Xiujian

Popular Six Dynasties literary subjects in art through the ages / Willow Weilan Hai and Shawn Eichman

Selected reference paintings / Willow Weilan Hai

[Dissertation] Shaping the Formless: Debates over Buddhist Images in Medieval China, Ca. 300-700

Author:
Lee, Kwi Jeong

School:
Princeton University

Degree date:
2018

Advisor:
Teiser, Stephen F.

Abstract:

This dissertation explores how and why Buddhist cultic images fueled controversy among literati circles from the fourth through seventh centuries in China. This study draws on a wide range of sources in classical Chinese, including essays, letters, memorials, edicts, and court debates, as well as Buddhist texts translated from Indian languages and authored in Chinese, to uncover the points of debate and the debaters’ shifting presuppositions. These sources are used to show that both proponents and critics believed that Buddhist cultic objects were vital, complicated components of what they thought was notable about Buddhism. The dissertation also argues that while the ostensible subject of the debates may have been the role of cultic objects in Buddhist practice, nevertheless the discussion covered other important points of contention, including Buddhahood, the material and institutional foundations of Buddhism, the tenet of emptiness, and the dynamics of Buddhist practice. This dissertation analyzes this multivocality of cultic objects and discusses pre-Buddhist and Buddhist conceptions of images (xiang 象). Within this framework, the dissertation suggests that proponents of Buddhist positions were keenly aware of the distinction between cultic images and the formless referents of those images. This study notes the historical continuities between indigenous, pre-Buddhist discourses and the later Buddhist conceptualization of images, while also underlining understandings based on the newly imported religion. It argues that interreligious debates over Buddhist images prompted Buddhist apologists to formulate a fuller soteriological account about the meaning and function of cultic images, resulting in a more extensive, sophisticated theory than that supplied by earlier Chinese Buddhist canonical traditions.

[Dissertation] Dreaming Betwixt And Between: Oneiric Narratives in Huijiao and Daoxuan's Biographies of Eminent Monks

Author:
Chris Jensen

Advisor:
James Benn

School:
McMaster University

Defended:
2018

Abstract:

This project explores the evolution of medieval Chinese Buddhist perspectives on dreams through a series of in-depth comparisons between the oneiric narratives preserved in Huijiao's (慧皎) "Biographies of Eminent Monks" (Gaoseng zhuan 高僧傳 [GSZ]) and Daoxuan's (道宣) "Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks" (Xu gaoseng zhuan 續高僧傳 [XGSZ]), drawing inspiration from contemporary Sinological and Buddhist Studies scholarship, as well as anthropological and psychological perspectives on dreaming. In addition to using these comparisons to address questions related to the diachronic transformation of Chinese Buddhist thought and practice from the early sixth to mid-seventh centuries, I also posit (and provide evidence for) the hypothesis that dreams (and the stories told about them) represent a potent conceptual metaphor for the “betwixt and between” experience of liminality: a hypothesis that I hope inspires discussion and debate in the broader oneirological community.

I approach these topics through four interrelated case studies. Chapter One uses dream narratives to investigate the various modes of oneiric practice ascribed to Chinese monks (and laypeople) in GSZ and XGSZ, focusing on three specific subtopics (dream telling, dream interpretation, and dream incubation) to evaluate the differences between the episodes preserved in both collections. Chapter Two examines the differing ways that Huijiao and Daoxuan engaged with both Chinese and (Indian) Buddhist oneiric conception tropes when describing the birth and early lives of exemplary monks. Chapter Three posits that Huijiao and Daoxuan made distinctive (and historically-situated) use of oneiric narratives to help situate China within the imagined geographies of contemporary Chinese Buddhists. Finally, Chapter Four explores the distinctive ways that oneiric narratives were used in GSZ and XGSZ to negotiate the interactions between exemplary Buddhists and indigenous Chinese religious practices, practitioners and deities.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

Chapter One – Engaging with the Liminal: Oneiric Practice in the Eminent Monks

Chapter Two – Dreaming Betwixt and Between Conception and Birth

Chapter Three: Dreaming Betwixt and Between Regions

Chapter Four – Dreaming Betwixt and Between: Oneiric Experiences at the 

Conclusion / For Future Research

古代日本と東部ユーラシアの国際関係

Author: 
廣瀬憲雄 (Hirose, Norio)

Publisher：
勉誠出版

Publication date：
October 2018

Abstract:
外交文書と外交儀礼を丹念に読み解き、5～9世紀の倭国・日本の対隋・唐・新羅・百済政策の実態を明らかにし、古代日本の外交関係と東部ユーラシアの国際秩序を体系的に考究。また、「東部ユーラシア」という新たな枠組みに基づき、柔然・突厥・吐蕃・回鶻・契丹など様々な遊牧勢力を含む地域全体を、独自の支配理念や国際秩序が多数存在する場として理解する新しい世界史像の可能性を示す。

Table of Contents:

東部ユーラシア地図

序　章　東部ユーラシアと東アジア―政治圏と文化圏の設定―

第一部　五代両宋／遼金時代の外交文書と国際関係
　第一章　隋唐五代両宋期における「致書文書」の再検討と五代十国の外交関係
　第二章　宋代東部ユーラシアにおける外交文書と国際関係

第二部　南北朝―隋代の東部ユーラシアと倭国
　第一章　五・六世紀東部ユーラシアの外交文書と外交儀礼―南北朝と柔然の事例から―
　第二章　倭の五王の冊封と劉宋遣使―倭王武を中心に―
　第三章　「日出処天子」外交文書再考―典故と翻訳の問題から―

第三部　唐の全盛期と倭国・日本の外交関係
　第一章　『日本書紀』皇極紀百済関係記事の再検討
　第二章　七世紀後半における倭国の外交儀礼
　第三章　七世紀後半から八世紀前半の倭国・日本―新羅関係

第四部　八・九世紀日本の外交関係と君臣秩序
　第一章　渤海の対日本外交文書について―六国史と『類聚国史』の写本調査から―
　第二章　九世紀日本の君臣秩序と辞官・致仕の上表―状と批答に注目して―

終章　日本―渤海間の擬制親族関係について―東部ユーラシアの視点から―

Paradigm Shifts in Early and Modern Chinese Religion: A History

Author:
John Lagerwey

Publisher:
Brill

Publication date:
October 2018

Abstract:

From the fifth century BC to the present and dealing with the Three Teachings (Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism) as well as popular religion, this introduction to the eight-volume Early and Modern Chinese Religion explores key ideas and events in four periods of paradigm shift in the intertwined histories of Chinese religion, politics, and culture. It shows how, in the Chinese church-state, elite processes of rationalization, interiorization, and secularization are at work in every period of major change and how popular religion gradually emerges to a position of dominance by means of a long history of at once resisting, adapting to, and collaborating with elite-driven change. Topics covered include ritual, scripture, philosophy, state policy, medicine, sacred geography, gender, and the economy. 

Table of Contents:

Preface

Preliminaries

Intellectual Change in the Warring States and Han (481 BC–220 AD)

Religious Transformation in the Period of Division (220–589 AD)

Religion and Thought in the Song, Jin, and Yuan (960–1368)

Structuring Values 1850–2015

By Way of Conclusion

Women in Early Medieval China

Author:
Bret Hinsch

Publication date:
October 1, 2018

Publisher: 
Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Abstract:

This important study provides the only comprehensive survey of Chinese women during the early medieval period of disunion, which lasted from the fall of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD to the reunification of China by the Sui dynasty in 581 AD, also known as the Six Dynasties. Bret Hinsch offers rich descriptions of the most important aspects of female life in this era, including family and marriage, motherhood, political power, work, inheritance, education, and religious roles. He traces women’s lived experiences as well as the emotional life and the ideals they pursued. Building on the best Western and Japanese scholarship, Hinsch also draws heavily on Chinese primary sources and scholarship, most of which is unknown outside China. As the first study in English about women in the early medieval era, this groundbreaking book will open a new window into Chinese history for Western readers.

Table of Contents:

Introduction 

1 Family 

2 Mothers 

3 Politics 

4 Work 

5 Religion 

6 Learning 

7 Virtue 

8 Ideals 

Conclusion: An Awakening of Female Consciousness 

[Dissertation] Remaking Chineseness: The Transition of Inner Asian Groups in the Central Plain During the Sixteen Kingdoms Period and Northern Dynasties

Author:
Fangyi Cheng 程方毅

Advisor:
Victor H. Mair

Defended:
2018

School:
University of Pennsylvania

Abstract:

This dissertation aims to examine the institutional transitions of the Inner Asian groups in the Central Plain during the Sixteen Kingdoms period and Northern Dynasties. Starting with an examination on the origin and development of Sinicization theory in the West and China, the first major chapter of this dissertation argues the Sinicization theory evolves in the intellectual history of modern times. This chapter, in one hand, offers a different explanation on the origin of the Sinicization theory in both China and the West, and their relationships. In the other hand, it incorporates Sinicization theory into the construction of the historical narrative of Chinese Nationality, and argues the theorization of Sinicization attempted by several scholars in the second half of 20th Century. The second and third major chapters build two case studies regarding the transition of the central and local institutions of the Inner Asian polities in the Central Plain, which are the succession system and the local administrative system. In the first case study, through applying the crown prince system, the Inner Asian rulers reached the centralization of authority, which was different from and even more centralized than the Han tradition. In the second case study, the polities of the Sixteen Kingdoms Period and Northern Dynasties largely followed the Inner Asian political tradition and the Inner Asian groups also remained as units inside the polities. The two case studies show the transition of the institutions of the Inner Asian polity in the Central Plain. The transition is neither a one- way change from Inner Asian institutions to Han and Jin institutions nor a simple hybridity. For different institutions, here the succession system in the central government and the administrative system in the local level, the dynamics for the transition are also not the same. This dissertation approaches the Chinese history with articulating not only what these Inner Asian groups took from the Chinese tradition, but also what they contributed to the institutional changes in Chinese history, which reshapes our understanding of what we call “Chinese” institutions, in other words, Chineseness. 

Routledge Handbook of Imperial Chinese History

Editors:
Victor Cunrui Xiong & Kenneth J. Hammond

Publisher:
Routledge

Publication Date:
August 2018

Abstract:

Following more than 30 years of market reform, China has become an economic powerhouse, likely to surpass the United States as the world's largest economy in the not so distant future. The resurgence of China has generated much interest not only in the present conditions of that country, but also in her past. Since China is the only uninterrupted ancient civilization that is stilling living today, the study of it can be a very rewarding pursuit in its own right, but can also offer tremendous benefit to anyone who wants to gain an in-depth understanding of modern China. Perhaps more than anywhere else, in China, the present is intricately linked with the past. Providing coverage of the entire Imperial Era (221 BCE-1912 CE) the handbook takes a chronological approach with key themes such as politics, religion, culture, the economy, and science embedded in the chapters. This is an essential resource for upper level undergraduates and graduates studying Imperial Chinese history in class or on their own; it will also be of interest to graduate students and scholars interested in broadening the scope of their research.

Table of contents:

Introduction

Part I: Early Imperial China (Qin–Five Dynasties) 

Section 1 The Qin-Han Empire

1. The Qin Dynasty, Charles Sanft

2. The Western Han, Liang CAI

3. The Eastern Han, Rafe de Crespigny


Section 2 The Six Dynasties

4. The Three States (Three Kingdoms), Michael Farmer

5. The Jin and the Sixteen States, Kawamoto Yoshiaki 川本芳昭

6. The Southern and Northern Dynasties, Andrew Chittick


Section 3 The Sui-Tang Empire and Five Dynasties

7. The Sui Dynasty, Victor Cunrui Xiong

8. The Tang Dynasty I (618-756), Seo Tatsuhiko 妹尾達彥

9. The Tang Dynasty II (756–907), Antony DeBlasi

10. The Five Dynasties, Peter Lorge

南北朝時代の士大夫と社會

Author: 
池田恭哉

Publisher: 
研文出版

Publication Date: 
201802

Table of Contents:

序章
第一部　顏之推論―家と社會と國家
第一章　顏之推における家と國家―學問を媒介として
第二章　顏之推と『顏子家訓』・『冤魂志』―兩著作に籠められた顏之推の意圖
第三章　『顏子家訓』における「禮傳」―何を指すのか
第二部　北朝士大夫と國家―士官と隱逸をめぐって
第四章　北齊・劉畫における仕官と修養―『劉士』の分析を通じて
第五章　北朝における隱逸―王朝の要求と士大夫の自發
第六章　新王朝への意識―盧思堂と顏之推の「蟬篇」を素材に
第三部　南北朝時代の繼承と展開―他時代と比較した南北朝時代
第七章　北魏における杜預像―何がどう評價されたのか
第八章　「桓山之悲」について―典故と用法
第九章　隱逸と節義―「溥天之下、莫非王土」を素材に
第十章　王通と『中說』の受容と評價―その時代的な變遷をたどって
結語
あとがき

東アジア古代都市のネットワークを探る: 日・越・中の考古学最前線

Editors:
黄曉芬 and 鶴間和幸 (Kazuyuki Tsuruma)

Publication Date:
201802

Publisher:
汲古書院

Table of Contents:

総 論

東アジア古代都市のネットワークを探る ──開催趣旨にかえて──   
黄暁芬

越日共同研究プロジェクト──その成果と展望──    
阮文団（Nguyen Van Doan）
（訳）範氏秋江（Pham Thi Thu Giang）・新津健一郎

漢帝国南端の交趾郡治を掘る   黄暁芬

東アジア圏における衛星リモートセンシングデータを用いた古代都市遺跡調査 
惠多谷雅弘

第１編 ベトナム(Vietnam)

2014 年ルイロウ古城発掘調査の新発見
張得戦（Truong Dac Chien）
（訳）範氏秋江（Pham Thi Thu Giang）・新津健一郎

ルイロウ古城発掘調査における放射性炭素年代測定
米田穣・尾嵜大真・大森貴之・黄暁芬

仏教の中心としてのルイロウ
黎文戦（Le Van Chien）
（訳）範氏秋江（Pham Thi Thu Giang）・新津健一郎

ベトナム漢墓から見た士燮政権   宮本一夫

第２編 中 国

漢武帝の時代の外交と内政   鶴間和幸

南越国考古研究の概述   劉瑞 （訳）徳留大輔

渠県沈府君（石）闕の調査と初歩的研究   秦臻 （訳）徳留大輔

漢墓印章封泥と楚国の始封属県    王健 （訳）石原遼平

六朝都城考古学の新進展   賀雲翺 （訳）新津健一郎

南京新出土の南朝大型組合画像磚墓の考察   祁海寧 （訳）吉田愛

第３編 日 本

今西龍が収集した楽浪塼とその歴史的意義   吉井秀夫

東夷印の中の「漢委奴國王」金印    石川日出志

六朝建康城と日本藤原京   佐川英治

後 記   黄暁芬・鶴間和幸

Hidden and Visible Realms: Early Medieval Chinese Tales of the Supernatural and the Fantastic

Author: 
Liu Yiqing 劉義慶

Translator: 
Zhenjun Zhang

Publisher:
Columbia University Press

Publication Date:
May 2018

Abstract:

Chinese culture of the Six Dynasties period (220–589) saw a blossoming of stories of the fantastic. Zhiguai, “records of the strange” or “accounts of anomalies,” tell of encounters with otherness, in which inexplicable and uncanny phenomena interrupt mundane human affairs. They depict deities, ghosts, and monsters; heaven, the underworld, and the immortal lands; omens, metamorphoses, and trafficking between humans and supernatural beings; and legendary figures, strange creatures, and natural wonders in the human world.

Hidden and Visible Realms （幽明錄）, traditionally attributed to Liu Yiqing, is one of the most significant zhiguai collections, distinguished by its varied contents, elegant writing style, and fascinating stories. It is also among the earliest collections heavily influenced by Buddhist beliefs, values, and concerns. Beyond the traditional zhiguai narratives, it includes tales of karmic retribution, reincarnation, and Buddhist ghosts, hell, and magic. In this annotated first complete English translation, Zhenjun Zhang gives English-speaking readers a sense of the wealth and wonder of the zhiguai canon. Hidden and Visible Realms opens a window into the lives, customs, and religious beliefs and practices of early medieval China and the cultural history of Chinese Buddhism. In the introduction, Zhang explains the key themes and textual history of the work.

Table of Contents:

Introduction
Chapter 1. The Wonder of Love
Chapter 2. A Garden of Marvels
Chapter 3. The Spectacle of Monsters
Chapter 4. The Realm of Ghosts
Chapter 5. The Netherworld and This World
Chapter 6. Animals and Men
Chapter 7. Anecdotes of Notable Figures
Chapter 8. Local Legends
Appendix
Tales Appearing in Other Renditions
Works Cited
Index

[Dissertation] Engraving Identities in Stone: Stone Mortuary Equipment of the Northern Dynasties (386-581 CE)

Author:
XU, Jin 徐津

School:
University of Chicago

Defended:
2017

Abstract:

The Northern Dynasties (386-581 CE) marked a turning point in Chinese history. After the collapse of the Han Empire in 220 AD, the native Han Chinese were never again able to establish an enduring unified dynasty again. Consequently, the Northern Dynasties represented the final stage of the longstanding political division between dynasties in the south, ruled by Han aristocrats and generals, and the kingdoms in the north, founded by various peoples of nomadic origins. From the Northern Wei (386-534 CE) to the Northern Zhou (557-581 CE), nomadic Xianbei rulers created and consolidated a ruling coalition composed of multiple cultural and ethnic groups, which paved the way for the reunification of China in 589 CE and the emergence of the so-called golden age of Chinese civilization.

The interaction between diverse cultural and ethnic groups that characterized the Northern Dynasties was especially intense among the uppermost echelon of the society. The key to understanding the dynamism of this interaction is a careful consideration of the colorful ways in which people of the period defined themselves politically, culturally, and personally. To this end, this dissertation addresses the question of how the elites of the Northern Dynasties used stone mortuary equipment to express their identity. Eschewing the hackneyed analytical paradigm of sinicization (or desinicization), this dissertation draws attention to political, communal, and individual identity through a series of case studies. By so doing, it also reveals the intersection of identities during the Northern Dynasties.

This dissertation is comprised of three chapters and chiefly uses visual analysis to account for the material properties, spatial strategies, and narrative images of mortuary stones. The first chapter investigates the mortuary stones of three groups of people: the Tuoba royalty of the Northern Wei, Sogdian immigrant merchants, and Han scholarly officials. It demonstrates how these people articulated their distinct political, communal, and cultural identity by taking advantage of the ritual significance, versatility, and natural beauty of the material of stone. Concentrating on the Shi Jun 史君 sarcophagus, the second chapter reveals the dualistic identity (secular and spiritual) of a Sogdian immigrant merchant. Shi Jun’s tomb brings together two distinct spaces — a physical space of ancestor worship constructed according to Confucian ritual protocols and a virtual space of paradisiac afterlife invoked by religious visual devices. The third chapter focuses on the narrative engravings of mortuary stones and demonstrates that artists of the Northern Dynasties tended to customize standardized illustrations in such a way that they could capture the personal identity of the tomb owner. This chapter first discusses how artists transformed filial son illustrations into mortuary symbols or allegorical portraits of the deceased. Secondly, this chapter shows how the artists that created the Shi Jun sarcophagus composed a pictorial biography of the deceased by deploying the illustrations of the Buddha’s life.

漢倭奴国王から日本国天皇へ：国号「日本」と称号「天皇」の誕生

Author:
冨谷 至 (Itaru Tomiya)

Publication Date:
April 2018

Publisher:
臨川書店

Table of Contents:

はじめに

第一章　倭国の認識
第一節　「倭」とは　／　第二節　楽浪海中に倭人あり　／　第三節　海の向こうに憧れた孔子　／　第四節　朝鮮半島出土の『論語』

第二章　漢倭奴国王
第一節　出土した光武帝の金印　／　第二節　「漢委奴国王」はどう読むのか　／　第三節　朝貢の真の意味

第三章　親魏倭王卑弥呼
第一節　祁山悲秋の風更けて、陣雲暗し五丈原　／　第二節　親魏倭王となす　／　第三節　『日本書紀』が記す「魏志倭人伝」

第四章　倭の五王の時代
第一節　邪馬台国、その後　／　第二節　漢人王朝の終焉　／　第三節　安東大将軍倭国王―倭の五王　／　第四節　複雑な官職名、称号　／　第五節　一品官をめざして　／　第六節　南朝と北朝の抗争の中で

第五章　日本列島における漢字の伝来
第一節　倭王武の上奏文 ／ 第二節　出土資料が語る ／ 第三節　渡来人と漢字 ／ 第四節　石上神宮の七支刀

第六章　疎遠の六世紀―南朝中華主義の没落
第一節　南朝梁と倭国　／　第二節　中華主義への憧憬―職貢図

第七章　日出る国の天子―遣隋使の時代
第一節　遣隋使 ／ 第二節　煬帝に聞いてみなければわからない ／ 第三節　日出処、日沈処 ／　第四節　天子　／　第五節　皇帝菩薩と当今如来 ／ 第六節　海西菩薩天子 ／ 第七節　『日本書紀』の遣隋使の記載

第八章　天皇号の成立
第一節　飛鳥池遺跡出土「天皇」木簡　／　第二節　天武以前の資料　／　第三節　天皇号に先立つ称号　／　第四節　オオキミ・王・皇　／　第五節　天皇号の誕生

第九章　国号日本の成立
第一節　倭国、改めて日本国と曰う　／　第二節　「禰軍墓誌」の発見　／　第三節　白村江の戦い　／　第四節　国号「日本」の成立

終わりにあたって

参考資料／図版出典一覧／索引

Reading Philosophy, Writing Poetry: Intertextual Modes of Making Meaning in Early Medieval China

Author:
Wendy Swartz

Publisher:
Harvard University Press

Publication Date:
March 2018

Abstract:
In a formative period of Chinese culture, early medieval writers made extensive use of a diverse set of resources, in which such major philosophical classics as Laozi, Zhuangzi, and Classic of Changes featured prominently. Reading Philosophy, Writing Poetry examines how these writers understood and manipulated a shared intellectual lexicon to produce meaning. Focusing on works by some of the most important and innovative poets of the period, this book explores intertextuality—the transference, adaptation, or rewriting of signs—as a mode of reading and a condition of writing. It illuminates how a text can be seen in its full range of signifying potential within the early medieval constellation of textual connections and cultural signs.

If culture is that which connects its members past, present, and future, then the past becomes an inherited and continually replenished repository of cultural patterns and signs with which the literati maintains an organic and constantly negotiated relationship of give and take. Wendy Swartz explores how early medieval writers in China developed a distinctive mosaic of ways to participate in their cultural heritage by weaving textual strands from a shared and expanding store of literary resources into new patterns and configurations.

Table of Contents:

Reading and writing in early medieval China
Xi Kang 嵇康 and the poetics of bricolage
The poetic repertoire of Sun Chuo 孫綽
The Lanting Excursion and Xuanyan 玄儼 poetry
The "spontaneous" poet Tao Yuanming 陶淵明 as an intertext
Reading and roaming the landscape: the Classic of Changes in Xie Lingyun's 謝靈運 poetry

中国古代貨幣経済の持続と転換

Author:
柿沼陽平 (Kakinuma Yōhei)

Publisher:
汲古書院

Publication Date:
February 2018

Table of Contents:

序 章

第一章　後漢貨幣経済の展開とその特質
第一節　後漢時代の五銖銭制度
一　五銖銭の鋳造再開　　　　　　　　　　二　五銖銭の継続的鋳造
第二節　諸貨幣の民間社会への浸透
一　複数貨幣の並存状況　　　　　　　二　貨幣としての銭　　　　　　三　貨幣としての金銀
四　貨幣としての布帛　　　　　　　　五　貨幣としての穀物・真珠
第三節　銭・黄金・布帛の社会的機能

第二章　後漢時代における金銭至上主義の台頭
第一節　対羌戦争の軍事費
第二節　後漢財政における軍事費の割合
第三節　後漢による財政補填策
一　多様な財政補填策　　　　　　　　　　　 二　民一人当たりの銭所有量（平均値）の増加
第四節　金銭至上主義とそれに対する反動

第三章　後漢末の群雄の経済基盤と財政補填策
第一節　経済基盤としての州
第二節　州をめぐる群雄の争い
一　群雄割拠期を生き抜いた州長官――益州劉氏と荊州劉氏
二　群雄割拠期に台頭した群雄①――曹操・袁術・袁紹
三　群雄割拠期に台頭した群雄②――劉備と江東孫氏
第三節　群雄の財政補填策

第四章　曹魏の税制改革と貨幣経済の質的変化
第一節　政策としての女織・婦織　　　　　　　　　　　第二節　漢代における布帛生産量の拡大
第三節　後漢末の戸調制　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第四節　曹魏における五銖銭の流通

第五章　蜀漢の軍事最優先型経済体制
第一節　劉備軍団と軍事最優先型経済体制
一　荊州期　　　　　　　　　二　入蜀期　　　　　　　三　劉巴の名目貨幣政策
第二節　漢中争奪戦と南征の経済的意義
第三節　北伐の経済的背景
一　蜀漢の人口比率と軍事最優先型経済体制　　　　　　二　蜀漢の屯田政策と対外遠征
第四節　蜀漢末期の軍事最優先型経済体制とその変化

第六章　三国時代の西南夷社会とその秩序
第一節　夜郎・指・證都の地　　　　　　　　　　第二節　昆明・俶・徙・筰都の地
第三節　瀬蟇・白馬羌の地　　　　　　　　　　　第四節　血縁と恩信
第五節　諸葛亮南征期　　　　　　　　　　　　　第六節　諸葛亮南征以降

第七章　孫呉貨幣経済の構造と特質
第一節　孫呉貨幣経済と税制　　　　第二節　銭納人頭税　　　　第三節　曹魏戸調制と孫呉調制
第四節　商業関連税　　　　　　　　第五節　孫呉の人口統計と吏卒数

第八章　晉代貨幣経済と地方的物流
第一節　晉代における国家的物流の弱体化
第二節　晉代貨幣経済の存立背景とその浸透度
第三節　晉代における銭と布帛の特定用途化
終　章

あとがき　　　　　　　索引 （日本人研究者名・外国人研究者名・史料名・語彙・年号・図表）
付　表 （巻末横組）
付表１　各種の 『後漢書』 よりみた銭・黄金・布帛の授受
付表２　後漢時代の対羌戦争と自然災害に関する年表
付表３　蜀漢の北伐と軍糧の関連年表
付表４　各種の 『晉書』 よりみた銭・黄金・布帛の授受