《水的思想：中国古代经典中的水》（Chinese edition of 中国の水の思想）

Author: Kunio Hachiya (蜂屋邦夫)

Publication year: 2026

Publisher: 上海古籍出版社

Abstract:
本书从中国思想史的视角，围绕相关典籍，考察中国古人对“水”的思考。全书分为三部分：一是儒家和道家的水思想，儒家部分主要围绕孔子、孟子、五行思想等展开讨论，道家部分主要以老子、庄子、《淮南子》为中心进行讨论。二是诸子书中的水思想，主要涉及《墨子》《荀子》《吕氏春秋》《管子》《列子》《韩非子》《淮南子》《说苑》等典籍。三是经书中的水思想，涉及《周易》《尚书》《诗经》《周礼》《仪礼》《礼记》《春秋左传》《尔雅》等典籍。采取这种形式能使读者欣赏中国水思想万花筒一般的多样景色，读者可以从任何一章开始阅读，了解中国思想的独特发展。

Table of Contents:
前 言 001

第一章 儒家和道家的水思想 001

第一节　儒家的水思想 003

一、 孔子—逝者如斯夫 003

二、 孟子—犹水之就下 016

三、 水与人的关系 021

四、 五行思想与水 026

第二节　道家的水思想 036

一、 老子—上善若水 036

二、 庄子—明镜止水的境界 045

三、 《淮南子》—描写水的第一流文章 053

四、 发现水之美 057

第二章 诸子书中的水思想 063

第一节　《墨子》—战争与水 065

一、 用水攻击意义上的水 066

二、 水灾意义上的水 070

三、 关于水战 072

四、 守城术中的水 075

第二节　《荀子》——水象征着努力、人民和初始 079

一、 努力的持续积累与水 079

二、 人如水，人心如水 083

三、 初始意义上的水 088

四、 天之道与职分的明确 091

第三节　《吕氏春秋》——从水德王朝的理论到水的谚语 095

一、 天地的生成与河川 095

二、 水德的王朝 098

三、 禹和水的关联 101

四、 渡过大河 105

五、 伊尹辅佐商汤王 109

六、 水的谚语 113

第四节　《管子》—统治的原理与河流的管理 118

一、 水是地的血气，人即是水 119

二、 河流的状态与人的性情 121

三、 营建国都的方法 123

四、 各类河流及其管理 125

第五节　《列子》——水的寓言与道的思想 129

一、 驾船的高手 129

二、 游泳的高手 131

三、 道多则人生迷惑 133

四、 循道而行者 136

五、 国氏之盗 138

第六节　《韩非子》——战争的手段和施政的教训 142

一、 晋阳的水攻 142

二、 宋襄之仁 145

三、 水与施政方法 147

第七节　《淮南子》——水思想的宝库 151

一、 水是至高的存在—《原道训》 151

二、 人的本性犹如水—《俶真训》 155

三、 阴、水、月—《天文训》 161

四、 昆仑的灵水—《地形训》 165

五、 至诚和达观 170

六、 救助溺水者的故事 173

七、 以鱼为例 178

第八节　《说苑》—有关统治术的教导 182

一、 知（智）者乐水 183

二、 溺水者的大志 185

三、 河神作祟 188

四、 与船有关的故事 191

五、 孔子的言论 196

六、 越国的使者 200

七、 鱼的故事两则 201

第三章 经书中的水思想 205

第一节　《周易》——与水有关的占卦 207

一、 利涉大川 209

二、 不利涉大川 211

三、 履霜坚冰至 213

四、 水和大地的关系 216

五、 密云不雨 218

六、 水流而不盈 219

七、 濡其尾，濡其首 222

八、 小狐汔济，濡其尾 224

第二节　《尚书》——关于渡河之难的比喻及实情 227

一、 《洪范》中的水 227

二、 渡大河的艰难 230

三、 周公的雄辩 234

第三节　《诗经》——河川成为诗歌的舞台 238

一、 滔滔黄河 239

二、 黄河水清澈吗？ 243

三、 长江和汉水 245

四、 对淇水的思念 248

第四节　《周礼》——川泽和水渠的管理及官职 251

一、 川泽之图 252

二、 川泽的管理 255

三、 整修水渠和农耕作业 260

四、 修筑田间水渠 262

五、 车的制造 266

六、 弓矢的制造 270

七、 祭祀山川 272

第五节　《仪礼》——从士到王的各类仪式 275

一、 玄酒的定位 276

二、 沐浴的重要性 283

三、 对诸神的祭祀 287

第六节　《礼记》——礼的详细规定和理论 290

一、 水与季节 290

二、 水与政治 298

三、 漱口、洗手和净身 301

四、 对沐浴的规定 305

五、 死者沐浴 307

六、 服丧中沐浴 309

第七节　《春秋左氏传》——关于大河、洪水、暴雨和雩祭的记事 312

一、 黄河的重要性 313

二、 向河流发誓 318

三、 洪水及其应对策略 325

四、 关于雨、雪、雹的记录 332

五、 干旱和祈雨 333

第八节　《尔雅》——对水的相关语汇的解说 336

一、 涌流而出的水 337

二、 流动的水 344

三、 河中的居住地—州、渚、沚、坻、潏 348

四、 渡河 357

Preparing one’s act: performance supports and the question of human nature in early China

Author:

Maddalena Poli

School:

University of Pennsylvania

Year:

2022

Abstract:

Since the 20th century, Chinese institutions have been recovering a growing number of ancient objects, among which figure manuscripts produced during the Warring States (453–221 BCE) era. These are the protagonists of this dissertation. Chapter one articulates the overarching goal of my study: the importance of rigorous philological and intellectual engagement to promote the significance of these manuscripts in and beyond the study of early Chinese history. In Chapter two, I analyze manuscripts produced around 300 BCE as what I call “performance supports,” rather than self-contained philosophical and historical essays. My notion of “performance supports” incorporates observations about the composite nature of early Chinese manuscripts, but better accounts for other textual features, such as errors, abrupt endings, list-like passages, etc. Chapter three discusses the implications of my argument. I show how performance supports were used in practices of knowledge management that relied on, but went beyond, the written medium. I explore oratory, recitation, literary compositions, and writings used to organize and retrieve knowledge. I then compare performance supports to other Warring States texts, so as to highlight the peculiarities of both groups and confirm that the concept of performance support is not an ad-hoc solution. Chapter four focuses on the performance support *Natural Dispositions Come from Endowment 性自命出, and reconstructs ways in which this manuscript functioned as the basis for central philosophical debates on “human nature” (xing 性) during the Warring States period. The dissertation is completed by a new philological study of *Natural Dispositions.

Table of Contents:

Introduction

CHAPTER ONE. Setting The Stage

CHAPTER TWO. Ancient Chinese Manuscripts As Performance Supports

CHAPTER THREE. The Performance. How performance supports were used, and by whom

CHAPTER FOUR. The Warring States debate on human nature

Concluding remarks

Chinese Thought: From Confucius to Cook Ding

Author:
Roel Sterckx

Publisher:
London: Penguin Books Ltd

Publication date:
2019

Abstract:

We are often told that the twenty-first century is bound to become China's century. Never before has Chinese culture been so physically, digitally, economically or aesthetically present in everyday life in the Western world. But how much do we really know about its origins and key beliefs, especially compared to the many histories of Western philosophy? How did the ancient Chinese think about the world?In this enlightening book, Roel Sterckx, one of the foremost experts in Chinese thought, takes us through centuries of Chinese history, from Confucius to Daoism to the Legalists. With evocative examples from philosophy, literature and everyday life, he shows us how the ancient Chinese have shaped the thinking of a civilization that is now influencing our own.

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1 China in Time and Space
Chapter 2 The Way (Dao) and Its Ways
Chapter 3 The Art of Government
Chapter 4 The Individual and the Collective
Chapter 5 Behaving Ritually
Chapter 6 Spirits and Ancesters
Chapter 7 The World of Nature
Chapter 8 Work and Wealth
Chapter 9 Food for Thought

The Wenzi: Creativity and Intertextuality in Early Chinese Philosophy

Author:
Paul van Els

Publisher:
Brill

Publication Date:
March 2018

Abstract:

The Wenzi is a Chinese philosophical text that enjoyed considerable prestige in the centuries following its creation, over two-thousand years ago. When questions regarding its authenticity arose, the text was branded a forgery and consigned to near oblivion. The discovery of an age-old Wenzi manuscript, inked on strips of bamboo, refueled interest in the text. In this combined study of the bamboo manuscript and the received text, Van Els argues that they belong to two distinct text traditions as he studies the date, authorship, and philosophy of each tradition, as well as the reception history of the received text. This study sheds light on text production and reception in Chinese history, with its changing views on authorship, originality, authenticity, and forgery, both past and present.

Table of Contents:

Acknowledgements
List of Figures and Tables
Conventions

Introduction
1 The Dingzhou 定州 Discovery
2 The Dingzhou Wenzi
3 The Proto-Wenzi: Date, Protagonists, Author
4 The Proto-Wenzi: Philosophy
5 A New Wenzi
6 The Received Wenzi: Date and Editor
7 The Received Wenzi: Philosophy
8 Wenzi Reception
Epilogue

Bibliography
Index

[Dissertation] Writing as Weaving: Intertextuality and the Huainanzi’s Self-Fashioning as an Embodiment of the Way

Author:
Tobias Benedikt Zürn

School:
University of Wisconsin-Madison

Defended:
2016

Advisers:
Mark Meulenbeld; Mark Csikszentmihalyi

Abstract:

In her seminal essay “Against Interpretation” from 1964, Susan Sontag (1933-2004) tackled the dominant position of interpretation as the default mode of engagements with cultural objects. Since she sounded the call to defy the common hermeneutic strategy of emphasizing content over form more than fifty years ago, the phenomenon of privileging the production and deduction of meaning over the immediate presence of cultural objects persists in the Humanities. In my specific case, scholars in the field of Early China still read scriptures predominantly within an assumed philosophical context displaying a reductionist approach to writings that precludes from the outset the possibility of any non-discursive function(s) for texts. In other words, their interpretations rarely consider textual artifacts to be agents within contexts such as ritual or gift exchanges. My dissertation, titled “Writing as Weaving: Intertextuality and the Huainanzi’s Self-Fashioning as an Embodiment of the Way,” addresses this issue from the vantage point of the Huainanzi 淮南子, a highly constructed and intertextual scripture from the second century BCE that scholars have traditionally read in philosophical terms. Contrary to its current interpretation as an encyclopedic collection of philosophical treatises, the dissertation shows that the Huainanzi, which Liu An 劉安 (ca. 179-122 BCE, r. 164-122 BCE), the king of Huainan 淮南, presumably presented in 139 BCE at his inaugural visit to his nephew Emperor Wu 漢武帝 (born Liu Che 劉徹; 156-87 BCE, r. 141-87 BCE), had been fashioned as a powerful manifestation of the Way (dao 道). 


In the first part of the dissertation, I demonstrate that the Huainanzi employs at least the three images of a tree’s root (ben 本), a chariot wheel’s hub (gu 轂) or axle (zhu 軸), and a weaving (jingwei 經緯) or knotting (jigang 紀綱) texture that are commonly associated with the cosmos and the power (de 德) of the Dao to create a homology between the Liu clan’s scripture (Liushi zhi zhu 劉氏之書), the sage, and the Way. Hence, I propose that the Huainanzi had been fashioned in image (xiang 象) of the force that underlies the organization of the universe. In the second part of the dissertation, I showcase through the example of weaving that the Huainanzi is not merely depicted in homological terms with the Way. Based on a perceived correlation of the practices of writing and weaving during the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE), I suggest that the Huainanzi in fact mimics and implements the cosmic process of weaving in its design and intertextual writing practice. By inserting and connecting various traces (ji 跡) of the words (yan 言) and deeds (shi 事) of pre-Han writers and kings in its texture, Liu An and his workshop apparently fashioned the Liu clan’s scripture both as being in image and as an embodiment of the Way (tidao 體道)—of the very force that connects and weaves together the celestial patterns (tianwen 天文) and terrestrial forms (dixing 地形) into a cosmic texture. Consequently, I speculate in my conclusion that Liu An and his workshop might have created the Liu clan’s scripture in image and as an embodiment of the Way in order to produce an wuwei-performing textual artifact that fulfills a similar role as the sage. By belonging to the Dao’s universal image or appearance category (xiang zhi lei 像之類 or xinglei 形類), the Huainanzi like the sage would create resonating correspondences (ganying 感應) with all the Myriad Beings (wan wu 萬物) and therefore would be able to impact and organize the entire world. Accordingly, my dissertation claims that we should further explore the possibility of non-discursive functions for Liu An’s miscellaneous and highly intertextual texture and potentially many other early Chinese texts. In fact, we should renegotiate the Huainanzi’s current and almost naturally assumed categorization as a “mere” encyclopedia and/or miscellaneous collection of philosophical treatises that educates about rather than actualizes or effects sagely rulership and cosmic order.

The Emotions in Early Chinese Philosophy

Author:
Curie Virág

Publication Date:
March 2017

Publisher:
Oxford University Press

Abstract:

In China, the debate over the moral status of emotions began around the fourth century BCE, when early philosophers first began to invoke psychological categories such as the mind (xin 心), human nature (xing 性), and emotions (qing 情) to explain the sources of ethical authority and the foundations of knowledge about the world. Although some thinkers during this period proposed that human emotions and desires were temporary physiological disturbances in the mind caused by the impact of things in the world, this was not the account that would eventually gain currency. The consensus among those thinkers who would come to be recognized as the foundational figures of the Confucian and Daoist philosophical traditions was that the emotions represented the underlying, dispositional constitution of a person, and that they embodied the patterned workings of the cosmos itself.

Curie Virág sets out to explain why the emotions were such a central preoccupation among early thinkers, situating the entire debate within developments in conceptions of the self, the cosmos, and the political order. She shows that the mainstream account of emotions as patterned reality emerged as part of a major conceptual shift towards the recognition of natural reality as intelligible, orderly, and coherent. The mainstream account of emotions helped to summon the very idea of the human being as a universal category and to establish the cognitive and practical agency of human beings. This book, the first intensive study of the subject, traces the genealogy of these early Chinese philosophical conceptions and examines their crucial role in the formation of ethical, political and cultural values in China.

Table of Contents

Preface
Introduction
1. Emotions and the Integrated Self in the Analects of Confucius
2. Reasons to Care: Redefining the Human Community in Mozi
3. Cosmic Desire and Human Agency in the Daodejing
4. Human Nature and the Pattern of Moral Life in Mencius
5. The Multiple Valences of Emotions in the Zhuangzi
6. The Composite Self and the Fulfillment of Human Nature in Xunzi
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index

「孝」の研究―孝経注釈と孝行譚との分析

Author:
佐野大介 （Daisuke Sano）

Publisher:
研文出版

Publication Date:
November, 2016

Abstract:

『古文孝経孔安国伝』の思想の解析からはじめ、孝の構造を考究する。また孝思想の漢土と本朝との特定側面を比較検討し、さらに「孝とは何か」の著者見解を提示する。

Table of Contents:

第一部　『孝経』注釈に関する研究
第一章　『古文孝経孔安国伝』偽作説について
第二章　『孔伝』における「孝」と「忠」との関係
第三章　『孔伝』における「孝治」と「法治」との関係
第四章　司馬光における『古文孝経指解』の位置

第二部　「孝」と「不孝」との間
第一章　「孝」における「愛」と「敬」との関係
第二章　「孝」と「不服従」との関係
第三章　後漢孝批判の系譜と孝の規範性
第四章　墨家の孝説とその批判
第五章　本朝における親殺しの不孝の容認

第三部　「孝」と血縁性との関係
第一章　孝行譚における血縁性の意味
第二章　本朝近世孝行譚における養子の孝

第四部　和漢における孝観念の異同
第一章　和漢における孝観念の異同
第二章　和漢の孝行譚における割股

結語／あとがき／初出一覧／索引

The Philosophy of the Mòzi: The First Consequentialists

Author:
Chris Fraser

Publisher:
Columbia University Press

Publication Date:
September 13, 2016

Abstract:

Mohism was an ancient Chinese philosophical movement founded in the fifth century BCE by the charismatic artisan Mòzi, or "Master Mo." Its practitioners advanced a consequentialist ethics, along with fascinating political, logical, and epistemological theories, that set the terms of philosophical argumentation and reflection in China for generations to come. Mohism faded away in the imperial era, leaving the impression that it was not as vital as other Chinese philosophical traditions, yet a complete understanding of Confucianism or Daoism is impossible without appreciating the seminal contribution of Mohist thought.

The Philosophy of the Mòzi is an extensive study of Mohism, situating the movement's rise and decline within Chinese history. The book also emphasizes Mohism's relevance to modern systems of thought. Mohism anticipated Western utilitarianism by more than two thousand years. Its political theory is the earliest to outline a just war doctrine and locate the origins of government in a state of nature. Its epistemology, logic, and psychology provide compelling alternatives to contemporary Western mentalism. More than a straightforward account of Mohist principles and practice, this volume immerses readers in the Mohist mindset and clarifies its underpinning of Chinese philosophical discourse.

Table of Contents:

Order, Objectivity, and Efficacy

Epistemology and Logic: Drawing Distinctions Political Theory: Order Through Shared Norms

Heaven: The Highest Ethical Model

Ethics: The Benefit of All

Inclusive Care: For Others as for Oneself

Motivation: Changing People within a Generation

War and Economics

Écrits de Maître Xun 荀子

Translator:
Ivan P. Kamenarovic

Publisher:
Paris : Belles lettres

Publication Date:
April 15, 2016

Abstract:

Le Xunzi a pour auteur le penseur du même nom. Xunzi, qui se réclame de Confucius, a vécu entre le IVe et le IIIe siècle avant notre ère. Ainsi que nombre de penseurs chinois, depuis Confucius jusqu'à des figures importantes du début du XXe siècle, il a exercé des fonctions officielles, ce qui lui a donné une expérience irremplaçable. Le recueil qui nous a été transmis sous son nom est
le premier ouvrage d'un penseur chinois qui ait pris soin d’écrire lui-même la teneur de son enseignement. Confucius n’a rien écrit, de Mengzi nous n’avons que des témoignages de disciples, nous ne sommes pas même sûrs que Laozi ait existé et la part du Zhuangzi qui est réellement due à Zhuangzi lui-même est sans doute réduite.

L’exemple du Xunzi fut très suivi au cours des siècles et les Chinois sont habitués à ce que les livres de leurs penseurs abordent des sujets extrêmement variés. L’histoire, le langage, la morale, la politique, l’écologie, la musique, l’art de la guerre, l’étude, les théories des autres écoles de pensée, les textes considérés déjà comme classiques à son époque, tout lui est matière à penser et à écrire, surtout en prose mais parfois aussi en vers. L’immense prestige de Xunzi s’explique par la richesse des thèmes dont il traite, par la connaissance qu’il a eue de très nombreux autres penseurs, qu’il ne se prive pas de critiquer, parfois vertement et aussi par la richesse de sa pensée sur des thèmes centraux de la vie humaine. Sa réflexion sur le langage a traversé les siècles et sa méditation sur le thème de la « mauvaiseté » foncière de la nature humaine n’a pas fini de faire couler de l’encre. Il s’élève contre toutes les superstitions, raillant à la fois les physiognomonistes et les dévots qui suivent aveuglément les processions destinées à faire venir la pluie ou à attirer les bénédictions des dieux.

Table of Contents:

Introduction
Sommaire
Repères chronologiques
Carte
Bibliographie sélective

Chapitre I – Exhortation à l'étude
Chapitre II – Se parfaire soi-même
Chapitre III – Contre la négligence
Chapitre IV – De l’honneur et de la honte
Chapitre V – Contre les physiognomonistes
Chapitre VI – Contre les douze maîtres
Chapitre VII – Confucius
Chapitre VIII – Le modèle du lettré
Chapitre IX – De l’administration royale
Chapitre X – De la prospérité des pays
Chapitre XI – Du roi et de l’hégémon
Chapitre XII – La voie du prince
Chapitre XIII – La voie du ministre
Chapitre XIV – Attirer les gens instruits
Chapitre XV – Des affaires militaires
Chapitre XVI – Renforcer l’État
Chapitre XVII – Du ciel
Chapitre XVIII – De la rectitude dans les discours
Chapitre XIX – Des rites
Chapitre XX – De la musique
Chapitre XXI – Dissiper les erreurs
Chapitre XXII – De la rectification des noms
Chapitre XXIII – La nature humaine est mauvaise
Chapitre XXIV – De l’homme accompli
Chapitre XXV – Écouter un chant rythmé
Chapitre XXVI – Élégies
Chapitre XXVII – Les grands principes
Chapitre XXVIII – Le vase incliné
Chapitre XXIX – La voie filiale
Chapitre XXX – Préceptes de bonne conduite
Chapitre XXXI – Le prince Ai de Lu
Chapitre XXXII – Une question de Yao

Texte additionnel
Index des noms propres
Index des oeuvres

The Path: What Chinese Philosophers Can Teach Us About the Good Life

Authors:
Michael Puett and Christine Gross-Loh

Publisher: 
Simon & Schuster 

Publication Date:
April 5, 2016

Abstract:

For the first time an award-winning Harvard professor shares his wildly popular course on classical Chinese philosophy, showing you how these ancient ideas can guide you on the path to a good life today.

Why is a course on ancient Chinese philosophers one of the most popular at Harvard?

It’s because the course challenges all our modern assumptions about what it takes to flourish. This is why Professor Michael Puett says to his students, “The encounter with these ideas will change your life.” As one of them told his collaborator, author Christine Gross-Loh, “You can open yourself up to possibilities you never imagined were even possible.”

These astonishing teachings emerged two thousand years ago through the work of a succession of Chinese scholars exploring how humans can improve themselves and their society. And what are these counterintuitive ideas? Good relationships come not from being sincere and authentic, but from the rituals we perform within them. Influence comes not from wielding power but from holding back. Excellence comes from what we choose to do, not our natural abilities. A good life emerges not from planning it out, but through training ourselves to respond well to small moments. Transformation comes not from looking within for a true self, but from creating conditions that produce new possibilities.

In other words, The Path upends everything we are told about how to lead a good life. Above all, unlike most books on the subject, its most radical idea is that there is no path to follow in the first place—just a journey we create anew at every moment by seeing and doing things differently.

Sometimes voices from the past can offer possibilities for thinking afresh about the future.

Table of Contents:

The age of complacency
The age of philosophy
On relationships: Confucius, and as-if ritual
On decisions: Mencius, and the capricious world
On influence: Laozi, and generating worlds
On vitality: the inward training, and being like a spirit
On spontaneity: Zhuangzi, and the world of transformation
On humanity: Xunzi, and putting pattern on the world
The age of possibility

Vanishing into Things: Knowledge in Chinese Tradition

Author:
Allen, Barry

Publication Date:
24 April 2015

Publisher:
Harvard University Press

Abstract:
Vanishing into Things explores the concept of knowledge in Chinese thought over two millennia, from Confucius to Wang Yangming (ca. 1500 CE), and compares the different philosophical imperatives that have driven Chinese and Western thought. Challenging the hyperspecialized epistemology of modern philosophy in the West, Barry Allen urges his readers toward an ethical appreciation of why knowledge is worth pursuing.

Western philosophers have long maintained that true knowledge is the best knowledge. Chinese thinkers, by contrast, have emphasized not the essence of knowing but the purpose. Ideas of truth play no part in their understanding of what the best knowledge is: knowledge is not deduced from principles or reducible to a theory. Rather, in Chinese tradition knowledge is expressed through wu wei, literally “not doing”—a response to circumstances that is at once effortless and effective. This type of knowledge perceives the evolution of circumstances from an early point, when its course can still be changed, provided one has the wisdom to grasp the opportunity.

Allen guides readers through the major Confucian and Daoist thinkers including Kongzi, Mengzi, Xunzi, Laozi, and Zhuangzi, examining their influence on medieval Neoconfucianism and Chan (Zen) Buddhism, as well as the theme of knowledge in China’s art of war literature. The sophisticated and consistent concept of knowledge elucidated here will be of relevance to contemporary Western and Eastern philosophers alike.

Table of Contents:

Introduction: To Really See the Little Things
1. Confucians
2. Daoists
3. The Art of War
4. Chan Buddhism
5. The Investigation of Things
6. Resonance
Chronology
Notes
Glossary
Acknowledgments
Index

『老子』經典化過程の研究

Author:
谷中信一 YANAKA Shin-ichi

Publisher:
汲古書院

Publication Year:
2015

Abstract:
傳世文獻研究の蓄積と、出土資料から得られた新知見を活用し、「經典」として確立される過程を解明する

Table of Contents:

口絵 巻頭カラー４頁

       郭店楚墓竹簡 『老子』

       馬王堆漢墓帛書『老子』甲乙本

北京大學藏西漢竹書 『老子』

序

第一章 郭店楚簡『老子』考

第二章 郭店楚簡『太一生水』 考

第三章 上博楚簡（七）『凡物流形』考

第四章 上博楚簡（三）『恆先』考

第五章 『莊子』天下篇考

第六章 いわゆる黄帝言考

第七章 『淮南子』道應訓所引『老子』考

第八章 『史記』老子傳に隱された眞實

第九章 北大漢簡『老子』の學術價値―「執一」概念を中心に

終 章

注・あとがき・索引（人名 書名 事項・國名）

Literary Forms of Argument in Early China

Editors:
Joachim Gentz & Dirk Meyer

Publisher:
Brill

Publication Year:
2015

Abstract:
Literary Forms of Argument in Early China explores formal approaches to the study of philosophical texts to present new methods for the analysis of pre-modern thought in China. Attempts made by Chinese thinkers to generate literary forms of philosophical reasoning have gone unrecognised within scholarship in China and the West. Drawing together the expertise of leading scholars of early Chinese textuality, this volume addresses this omission by examining the formal characteristics of an argument, the interrelationship between form and content, as well as patterned compositions and non-linear semantic utterances. With these comprehensive new readings, the volume makes a landmark contribution to the study of written thinking in early China.

Table of Contents:

Preliminary Material   pp i –ix

Introduction: Literary Forms of Argument in Early China   pp 1 –36

A Building Block of Chinese Argumentation: Initial Fu 夫 as a Phrase Status Marker   pp 37 –66

2 Beyond Parallelism: A Rethinking of Patterns of Coordination and Subordination in Chinese Expository Prose
pp 67 –86

3 On the Range and Performance of Laozi-Style Tetrasyllables
pp 87 –111

4 Defining Boundaries and Relations of Textual Units: Examples from the Literary Tool-Kit of Early Chinese Argumentation
pp 112 –157

5 The Philosophy of the Analytic Aperçu
pp 158 –174

6 Speaking of Poetry: Pattern and Argument in the “Kongzi Shilun 孔子詩論”
pp 175 –200

7 Structure and Anti-Structure, Convention and Counter-Convention: Clues to the Exemplary Figure’s (Fayan 法言) Construction of Yang Xiong as Classical Master
pp 201 –242

8 A Ragbag of Odds and Ends? Argument Structure and Philosophical Coherence in Zhuangzi 26        
pp 243 –296

9 Truth Claim with no Claim to Truth: Text and Performance of the “Qiushui 秋水” Chapter of the Zhuangzi        
pp 297 –340

Index

Source: pp 341 –353

Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China

Editors:
Yuri Pines, Paul R. Goldin, and Martin Kern

Publisher:
Brill

Publication Year:
2015

Abstract:

Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China explores ancient Chinese political thought during the centuries surrounding the formation of the empire in 221 BCE. The individual chapters examine the ideology and practices of legitimation, views of rulership, conceptualizations of ruler-minister relations, economic thought, and the bureaucratic administration of commoners.

The contributors analyze the formation of power relations from various angles, ranging from artistic expression to religious ideas, political rhetoric, and administrative action. They demonstrate the interrelatedness of historiography and political ideology and show how the same text served both to strengthen the ruler’s authority and moderate his excesses. Together, the chapters highlight the immense complexity of ancient Chinese political thought, and the deep tensions running within it.

Table of Contents:

Preliminary Material
pp i –viii

Introduction
pp 1 –29

1 Representations of Regional Diversity during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
pp 31 –48

2 Omens and Politics: The Zhou Concept of the Mandate of Heaven as Seen in the Chengwu 程寤 Manuscript
pp 49 –68

3 Long Live The King! The Ideology of Power between Ritual and Morality in the Gongyang zhuan 公羊傳
pp 69 –117

4 Language and the Ideology of Kingship in the “Canon of Yao” 堯典
pp 118 –152

5 Monarch and Minister: The Problematic Partnership in the Building of Absolute Monarchy in the Han Feizi 韓非子
pp 155 –180

6 The Changing Role of the Minister in the Warring States: Evidence from the Yanzi chunqiu 晏子春秋
pp 181 –210

7 Ideologies of the Peasant and Merchant in Warring States China
pp 211 –248

8 Population Records from Liye: Ideology in Practice
pp 249 –270

9 Political and Intellectual Authority: The Concept of the “Sage-Monarch” and Its Modern Fate
pp 273 –300

Bibliography
pp 301 –336

Index
pp 337 –348

Rediscovering the Roots of Chinese Thought：Laozi's Philosophy

Author:
CHEN Guying 陳鼓應

Translator:
Paul D’Ambrosio

Publication Year:
January 1, 2015

Abstract:
This book translates Lao Zhuang xinlun, a key work of contemporary Chinese. It offers a unique discussion of the Laozi, arguing—in contrast to standard Western scholarship—that the text goes back to a single author and identifying him as an older contemporary, and even teacher, of Confucius. This places the Confucian Analects after the Laozi and makes the text the most fundamental work of ancient Chinese thought.

Chen explores these debates regarding these points, providing evidence based on materials excavated from Mawangdui and Guodian. His book is fascinating documentation of contemporary Chinese arguments and debates previously unavailable in English. It is nothing less than a complete revision of the history of Chinese thought with Daoism as its major focus.

Table of Contents
1. Laozi before Kongzi
   —Laozi as Kongzi's Teacher; Laozi before Lunyu; Modern Scholarship; Laozi's Influence on Mozi; Conclusion

2. Laozi's and Kongzi's Teachings
   —Naturalism versus Rule by Virtuosity; The Importance of Society; Heavens, Dao, and Virtuosity; Human Innate Tendencies; Humaneness and Responsibility; Conclusion

3. The Early Laozi
   —The Guodian Versions; Moral Values; Philosophical Development; Issues in the Guodian Laozi

4. Laozi's Thought
Dimensions of Dao; Practical Application; Ontology and Experience

5. Laozi and Pre-Qin Philosophy
Mainstream Daoism; The Jixia School and Huang-Lao; Laozi's Impact; 

Conclusion

Teaching the I Ching (Book of Changes) 《易經》

Author:
Geoffrey Redmond and Tze-ki Hon

Publisher:
American Academy of Religion and Oxford University Press

Publication Year:
2014

Abstract:
Chinese traditional culture cannot be understood without some familiarity with the I Ching, yet it is one of the most difficult of the worlds ancient classics. Assembled from fragments with many obscure allusions, it was the subject of ingenious, but often conflicting, interpretations over nearly three thousand years. Teaching the II Ching (Book of Changes) offers a comprehensive study at a time when interest in Asian philosophy and the culture of China is on the rise. Still widely read in China, it has become a countercultural classic in the West. 

Recent scholarship has radically altered our understanding of this foundational work. Geoffrey Redmond and Tze-Ki Hon present an up-to-date survey of recent studies including reconstruction of the early meanings, excavated manuscripts, the New Culture Movement, and the Cultural Revolution. To facilitate introducing the classic to students, the necessary background is provided for university teachers and students, even non-China specialists. The teaching approaches described will foreground the otherness of the classic, yet engage the interests of twenty-first-century students. Rather than dismissing the texts popular association with divination, they explain why this mode of human thought has persisted for millennia. Thus, Redmond and Hon mediate between the two extreme views of the classic: a source of timeless ancient wisdom on the one hand, and a historical curiosity on the other. 


Teaching the I Ching (Book of Changes) makes this important classic accessible to a broad readership, thus providing a crucial service for those interested in China, early civilization, and world religion. Now anyone with a serious interest can understand a text that continues to have a decisive influence on Chinese and world culture three thousand years after its original composition.

Table of Contents:
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chronology of Chinese Dynasties
Structure of the Yijing
List of Illustrations
Introduction: Studying an Ancient Classic
Chapter 1 Divination: Fortune-Telling and Philosophy
Chapter 2 Bronze Age Origins
Chapter 3 Women in the Book of Changes
Chapter 4 Excavated Manuscripts
Chapter 5 Ancient Meanings Reconstructed
Chapter 6 The Ten Wings
Chapter 7 Cosmology
Chapter 8 Moral Cultivation
Chapter 9 The Yijing in Modern China
Chapter 10 The Yijing's Journey to the West
Chapter 11 Reading the Book of Changes
Chapter 12 The Future of the Yijing 
Bibliography

Index

The Analects (Norton Critical Editions) 《論語》

Author: 
Confucius

Editor:
Michael Nylan

Translator:
Simon Leys


Publication Year: 
2014

Abstract: 

The Norton Critical Edition aims to situate the historical figure of Kongzi, the legendary figure of Confucius, and the Analects (or Lunyu), the single most influential book ascribed to the Master's circle of disciples, within their evolving ethical, cultural, and political contexts. Simon Leys’s acclaimed translation and notes are accompanied by Michael Nylan’s insightful introduction.

Eleven essays by leading experts in the field of Chinese studies discuss a broad range of issues relating to the Analects, from the origins of the classicists (Ru) and the formation of the Analects text to the use (and abuse) of the Master’s iconic image in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Asian, diasporic, and Western settings. Collectively, these readings suggest that the Confucius we thought we knew is not the Kongzi of record and that this Kongzi is a protean figure given to rapid change and continual reevaluation. 

Table of Contents:

List of Illustrations
Translator’s Introduction
Editor’s Introduction
Acknowledgments

The Text of The Analects
Notes

Interpretations

Nicolas Zufferey • On the Ru and Confucius

Robert Eno • In Search of the Origins of Confucian Traditions in Lu

Mark Csikszentmihalyi and Tae Hyun Kim • The Formation of the Analects

Eric L. Hutton • Mencius, Xunzi, and the Legacy of Confucius

Luke Habberstad • The Sage and His Associates: Kongzi and Disciples across Early Texts

Julia K. Murray • Visualizing Confucius and His Disciples from the Analects

Thomas Wilson • Reading the Analects in the Sage’s Courtyard: A Modern Diner’s Guide to an Ancient Feast

Sébastien Billioud and Vincent Goossaert • Confucius and his Texts: A Century of Crisis and Reinventions

Yuming He • Talking Back to the Master: Play and Subversion in Entertainment Uses of the Analects

Henry Rosemont Jr. • On “New Confucianism”

Sam Ho • Confucius on Film: Toward a Confucian Aesthetic

Astrology and Cosmology in Early China: Conforming Earth to Heaven 古代中國的占星學與宇宙觀

Author: 
David W. Pankenier 

Publisher: 
Cambridge Press

Publication Year: 
2013

Abstract:

The ancient Chinese were profoundly influenced by the Sun, Moon and stars, making persistent efforts to mirror astral phenomena in shaping their civilization. In this pioneering text, David W. Pankenier introduces readers to a seriously understudied field, illustrating how astronomy shaped the culture of China from the very beginning and how it influenced areas as disparate as art, architecture, calendrical science, myth, technology, and political and military decision-making. As elsewhere in the ancient world, there was no positive distinction between astronomy and astrology in ancient China, and so astrology, or more precisely, astral omenology, is a principal focus of the book. Drawing on a broad range of sources, including archaeological discoveries, classical texts, inscriptions and paleography, this thought-provoking book documents the role of astronomical phenomena in the development of the 'Celestial Empire' from the late Neolithic through the late imperial period.

Table of Contents: 

Introduction

Part I. Astronomy and Cosmology in the Time of Dragons:

1. Astronomy begins at Taosi

2. Watching for dragons

Part II. Aligning with Heaven:

3. Looking to the supernal lord

4. Bringing heaven down to earth

5. Astral revelation and the origins of writing

Part III. Planetary Omens and Cosmic Ideology:

6. The cosmo-political mandate

7. The rhetoric of the supernal

8. Cosmology and the calendar

Part IV. Warring States and Han Astral Portentology:

9. Astral prognostication and the battle of Chengpu

10. A new astrological paradigm

Part V. One With the Sky:

11. Cosmic capitals

12. Temporality and the fabric of space-time

13. The sky river and cosmography

14. Planetary portentology east and west

Epilogue

Appendix. Astrology for an empire: the 'treatise on the celestial offices' in The Grand Scribe's Records (ca. 100 BCE)

Zhuangzi: Text and Context 莊子: 文本與脈絡

Author: 
Livia Kohn

Publisher: 
Three Pines Press

Publication Year: 
2014

Abstract:

Zhuangzi: Text and Context is a comprehensive discussion of the ancient Daoist work Zhuangzi in 24 chapters, providing a chronologically-based outline of the context of the work, from the compilation of the text to its reading in 21st century ecology, plus a systematic discussion and interpretation of its central concepts from perfect happiness to playful uselessness.

The book integrates a vast spectrum of original and secondary sources, examines the history and ideas in a wide context, both within China and cross-culturally, and relates many of Zhuangzi's key notions and practices to modern science, notably physics, biology, and psychology. Encyclopedic in scope, meticulous in execution, and skillfully presented, it is a must for anyone interested in traditional Chinese thought.

The Quest for Ecstatic Morality in Early China 郭店楚簡 "性自命出"

Author:
Kenneth W. Holloway

Publisher:
Oxford University Press, USA

Publication Year:
2013

Abstract:

There is an intense love of freedom evident in the "Xing zi mingchu," a text last seen when it was buried in a Chinese tomb in 300 B.C.E. It tells us that both joy and sadness are the ecstatic zenith of what the text terms "qing." Combining emotions into qing allows them to serve as a stepping stone to the Dao, the transcendent source of morality for the world. There is a process one must follow to prepare qing: it must be beautified by learning from the classics written by ancient sages. What is absent from the process is any indication that the emotions themselves need to be suppressed or regulated, as is found in most other texts from this time.

The Confucian principles of humanity and righteousness are not rejected, but they are seen as needing our qing and the Dao. Holloway argues that the Dao here is the same Dao of Laozi's Daode jing. As a missing link between what came to be called Confucianism and Daoism, the "Xing zi mingchu" is changing the way we look at the history of religion in early China.

Show more

Show less