Sarah A. Queen and John S. Major
Publication Year:
2015
Publisher:
Columbia University Press
Abstract:
A major resource expanding the study of early Chinese philosophy, religion, literature, and politics, this book features the first complete English-language translation of the Luxuriant Gems of the Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu fanlu), one of the key texts of early Confucianism. The work is often ascribed to the Han scholar and court official Dong Zhongshu, but, as this study reveals, the text is in fact a compendium of writings by a variety of authors working within an interpretive tradition that spanned several generations, depicting a utopian vision of a flourishing humanity that they believed to be Confucius's legacy to the world.
The Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu) is a chronicle kept by the dukes of the state of Lu from 722 to 481 B.C.E. The Luxuriant Gems follows the interpretations of the Gongyang Commentary, whose transmitters belonged to a tradition that sought to explicate the special language of the Spring and Autumn. The Gongyang masters believed that the Spring and Autumn had been written by Confucius himself, employing subtle and esoteric phrasing to indicate approval or disapproval of important events and personages. The Luxuriant Gems augments Confucian ethical and philosophical teachings with chapters on cosmology, statecraft, and other topics drawn from contemporary non-Confucian traditions, reflecting the brilliance of intellectual life in the Han dynasty during the formative decades of the Chinese imperial state.
To elucidate the text, Sarah A. Queen and John S. Major divide their translation into eight thematic sections with extensive introductions that address dating, authorship, authenticity, and the relationship between the original text and the evolving Gongyang approach.
Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Group 1: Exegetical Principles
1. King Zhuang of Chu
2. Jade Cup
3. Bamboo Grove
4. Jade Brilliance
5. The Quintessential and the Ornamental
6. The Kingly Way
7. Annihilated States, Part A
8. Annihilated States, Part B
9. Waxing and Waning in Accord with the Root
10. The Essentials of Covenants and Meetings
11. The Rectifying Thread
12. Ten Directives
13. Emphasize Governance
14. Images for the Regulation of Dress
15. Two Starting Points
16. Signs and Omens
17. Yu's Postface
Group 2: Monarchical Principles
18. Departing from and Conforming to the Fundamental
19. Establishing the Originating Spirit
20. Preserving Position and Authority
21. Investigating Achievement and Reputation
22. Comprehending the State as the Body
Group 3: Regulatory Principles
23. The Three Dynasties' Alternating Regulations of Simplicity and Refinement
24. Regulations on Officialdom Reflect Heaven
25. Yao and Shun Did Not Presumptuously Transfer [the Throne]; Tang and Wu Did Not Rebelliously Murder [Their Rulers]
26. Regulations on Dress
27. Regulating Limits
28. Ranking States
Group 4: Ethical Principles
29. Standards of Humaneness and Righteousness
30. The Necessity of [Being] Humane and Wise
31. For Nurturing the Self, Nothing Is More Important Than Righteous Principles
32. An Official Response to the King of Jiangdu: The Great Officers of Yue Cannot Be Considered Humane
33. Observing Virtue
34. Serving the Root
35. Deeply Examine Names and Designations
36. Substantiating Human Nature
37. The Lords of the Land
38. An Official Response Regarding the Five Phases
39. [Title and text are no longer extant]
40. [Title and text are no longer extant]
41. Heaven, the Maker of Humankind
42. The Meaning of the Five Phases
Group 5: Yin-Yang Principles
43. Yang Is Lofty, Yin Is Lowly
44. The Kingly Way Penetrates Three
45. Heaven's Prosperity
46. The Heavenly Distinctions Lie in Humans
47. The Positions of Yin and Yang
48. Yin and Yang End and Begin the Year
49. The Meaning of Yin and Yang
50. Yin and Yang Emerge, Withdraw, Ascend, and Descend
51. Heaven's Way Is Not Dualistic
52. Heat or Cold, Which Predominates?
53. Laying the Foundation of Righteousness
54. [Title and text are no longer extant]
55. The Correlates of the Four Seasons
56. Human Correlates of Heaven's Regularities
57. Things of the Same Kind Activate One Another
Group 6: Five-Phase Principles
58. The Mutual Engendering of the Five Phases
59. The Mutual Conquest of the Five Phases
60. Complying with and Deviating from the Five Phases
61. Controlling Water by Means of the Five Phases
62. Controlling Disorders by Means of the Five Phases
63. Aberrations of the Five Phases and Their Remedies
64. The Five Phases and Five Affairs
Group 7: Ritual Principles
65. Sayings Pertaining to the Suburban Sacrifice
66. The Principles of the Suburban Sacrifice
67. Sacrificial Rites of the Suburban Sacrifice
68. The Four [Seasonal] Sacrificial Rites
69. The Suburban Sacrifice
70. Following Orders
71. An Official Response Regarding the Suburban Sacrifice
72. Presenting Gifts to Superiors
73. Hymn to the Mountains and Rivers
74. Seeking Rain
75. Stopping Rain
76. The Principles of Sacrificial Rites
Group 8: Heavenly Principles
77. Conform to Heaven's Way
78. The Conduct of Heaven and Earth (Lau version)
78A. The Conduct of Heaven and Earth (Su Yu version)
79. The Origins of Severity and Beneficence
80. In Imitation of Heaven's Activities (Lau version)
80A. In Imitation of Heaven's Activities (Su Yu version)
81. Heaven, Earth, Yin, and Yang (Lau version)
81A. Heaven, Earth, Yin, and Yang (Su Yu version)
82. The Way of Heaven Bestows (Lau version)
82A. The Way of Heaven Bestows (Su Yu version)
Appendix A. Biographies of the Confucian Scholars
Appendix B. The Biography of Dong Zhongshu
Selected Bibliography
Index
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