Author:
福島 大我 (Fukushima Taiga)
Publication Date:
2016/02/29
Publisher:
専修大学出版局 (Senshu University Press)
Abstract:
中国古代の皇帝制度の形成について、主に地理的・空間的な支配・把握の様相とその変遷も含めて、皇帝と一般民との接点となる政策から皇帝支配の正当性についての問題とその質的な転換を探ることを試みる。
Table of Contents:
緒論 問題の所在
第一章 皇帝権力の戸口把握―逃亡規定からみた
はじめに
一 吏・民の逃亡
二 刑徒の逃亡、女子の再逃亡
三 私奴婢の逃亡
四 犯罪者の逃亡
五 徭役・公務・兵役・軍務からの逃亡
六 国外逃亡
七 その他関連規定
おわりに
第二章 前漢代における「首都圏」の形成
はじめに
一 前漢初期における「關中」と「郡国制」［高祖～呂后期］
１ 漢王朝の成立と首都長安の選択
２ 『二年律令』にみる漢初における「關中」と諸侯王国
３ 「郡国制」の位置付けについて
おわりに
第三章 前漢代における「首都圏」の展開
はじめに
一 「首都圏」の確立［～宣帝期］
１ 三輔の形成
２ 帝陵徙民政策の展開
３ 三輔と酷吏
二 前漢後半期の礼制改革［元帝期～］
１ 郡国廟の廃止と陵邑の廃止
おわりに
第四章 瑞祥からみた漢代の皇帝権力
はじめに
一 宣帝の即位状況と瑞祥
二 前漢代における瑞祥と祭祀・賜与との関連
三 文帝期の詐言事件にみる瑞祥と儒家思想
おわりに
第五章 賜与・賑恤政策からみた漢代の皇帝権力
はじめに
一 皇帝支配の正当性―賜与と賑恤の背景について
１ 山林薮沢の君主による独占と帝室財政
２ 賜与と賑恤
３ 徳と刑
二 賜与賑恤の史料上にみる政策変化
１ 賜与・賑恤記事の集計
２ 賜与・賑恤事例についての概観
３ 賜与・賑恤の対象者についての概観
三 前漢後半期という問題―社会構造の変化と国家の変質
１ 民間の祭祀とその変容
２ 前漢後半期における国家礼制の改革
３ 財政機構の一元化
おわりに
結論
Author:
David A. Graff
Publication Month:
2016 April
Publisher:
Routledge
Abstract:
This book is a comparative study of military practice in Sui-Tang China and the Byzantine Empire between approximately 600 and 700 CE. It covers all aspects of the military art from weapons and battlefield tactics to logistics, campaign organization, military institutions, and the grand strategy of empire. Whilst not neglecting the many differences between the Chinese and Byzantines, this book highlights the striking similarities in their organizational structures, tactical deployments and above all their extremely cautious approach to warfare. It shows that, contrary to the conventional wisdom positing a straightforward Western way of war and an "Oriental" approach characterized by evasion and trickery, the specifics of Byzantine military practice in the seventh century differed very little from what was known in Tang China. It argues that these similarities cannot be explained by diffusion or shared cultural influences, which were limited, but instead by the need to deal with common problems and confront common enemies, in particular the nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppes. Overall, this book provides compelling evidence that pragmatic needs may have more influence than deep cultural imperatives in determining a society’s "way of war."
Table of Contents:
1. War and Culture
2. Resources and Institutions
3. Weapons and Tactics
4. The Army on Campaign
5. The Legacy of the Past
6. Contacts and Influences
7. The Shadow of the Steppe
8. Conclusion
Author:
Gina L. Barnes
Publisher:
Oxbow Books
Publication Year:
2015
Abstract:
Archaeology of East Asia constitutes an introduction to social and political development from the Palaeolithic to 8th-century early historic times. It takes a regional view across China, Korea, Japan and their peripheries that is unbounded by modern state lines. This viewpoint emphasizes how the region drew on indigenous developments and exterior stimuli to produce agricultural technologies, craft production, political systems, religious outlooks and philosophies that characterize the civilization of historic and even modern East Asia.
This book is a complete rewrite and update of The Rise of Civilization in East Asia, first published in 1993. It incorporates the many theoretical, technical and factual advances of the last two decades, including DNA, gender, and isotope studies, AMS radiocarbon dating and extensive excavation results. Readers of that first edition will find the same structure and topic progression. While many line drawings have been retained, new colour illustrations abound. Boxes and Appendices clarify and add to the understanding of unfamiliar technologies. For those seeking more detail, the Appendices also provide case studies that take intimate looks at particular data and current research.
Table of Contents:
List of Boxes ix
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xii
Preface xiii
Multiple editions xiii; Where is East Asia? xiv; Dating preferences xiv;
Language issues xv; Note on referencing xviii; Note on indexing xviii;
Acknowledgments xix
1 Orientation 1
Grounding 1
Starting from the Yellow Sea 1; Mainland geography 3; The loesslands 4;
The Northern Zone 4; Westward ho! 4; Eastward bound 4; North–south divisions 5
National chronologies 6
With or without writing? 7
Prehistoric archaeology 7; Protohistoric archaeology 8; Historic archaeology 12
East Asian cultural successions 13
The Chinese sequence 13; The Korean sequence 20; The Japanese sequence 23
2 Archaeological Organization 27
Archaeology as a government endeavor 27
Japan 29; Korea 33; China 35
East Asian archaeology since 1990 38
Science and theory 39; Multiple archaeologies 40; Cooperative projects 40;
Conferences 42; Journals 43
3 The Earliest Inhabitants (2,000,000–40,000 years ago) 45
The peopling of East Asia 45
The first peopling, or Out of Africa 1 48
What peoples? 48; Habitats, habits and habitation 52; Their tool kits 55
Intermediate peoples 60
The second peopling, or Out of Africa 2 60
How far east did Pleistocene hominins go, and when? 64
4 Innovations of Modern Humans (40,000–10,000 years ago) 67
Modern peoples and their accoutrements 67
Upper Palaeolithic climate and chronology 74
iv Archaeology of East Asia
New lithic strategies 79
Significance of prepared-core technologies 79; Blade varieties and assemblages 81
What were they hunting? 86
A mobile lifestyle 87
Harbingers of the Neolithic 89
Edge-ground axes 89; Plant utilization 91; Coastal living 92;
The invention of pottery 93
5 Earlier Holocene Subsistence Patterns
(10,000–5000 years ago = 8000–3000 BC) 96
Settling down 97
Earliest villages 97; Feedback loops between food and sedentism 102
‘In-between’ societies 103
Exploiting Holocene forests 104
The importance of nuts 104; Timbers, houses and woodworking tools 106
Living on Holocene shores 107
Anatomy of a shellmound 107; Fish stories 110
Pen/Insular species management 111
Jomon husbandry 111; Chulmun husbandry 115
Mainland cereal growers 116
Northern millet cultures 116; Southern rice culture 117; Mainland
broad-ranging subsistence 120
Food studies 121
Proportional food resources 121; Isotope analyses 123
6 The Mid-Holocene Social Mosaic (5000–2000 BC) 126
Introduction 126
The Middle Jomon phenomenon 127
A regional exchange network 127; Core villages 131
The Loesslands tradition 135
Yangshao villages 135; Loesslands pottery 141
The East Coast tradition 143
Dawenkou villages 143; East Coast ceramics 146
The Hongshan enigma 147
Dimensions of social status 149
Gender distinctions 149; Ritualists 150; Social hierarchies 153;
The importance of commensality 154
Summary 155
7 Emergence and Decline of Late Neolithic Societies (3300–1900 BC) 157
Introduction 157
Periodization 157; Agriculture, monumental architecture and social
stratification 160; What is a state? 161
Contents v
Urbanizing settlements 162
Of walls and terraces 162; Southern powerhouse: Liangzhu site complex 163;
Intermontane Taosi 165; Liangchengzhen, Eastern Longshan 167;
Quick comparisons 169
Site hierarchies 169
Central Plain polity development 170
Walled settlements 170; Sacrificial interments 172; Settlement system 172
The dramatic end of the Late Neolithic 174
The opening of the steppes 176
The western and central steppes 177; From west to east 177; Establishment of
the Early Metal Province 180
8 Bronze Age Beginnings (2000–850 BC) 181
Bronze Age time span 181
Bronze and agro-pastoralism 183
Qijia and Siba cultures 185; Zhukaigou 185; Lower Xiajiadian 186
Bronze and Erlitou 187
The Erlitou site (1850–1550 BC) 187; Erlitou culture and polity 191;
Significance of Erlitou bronze vessels 192
The Shang bronze tradition 192
Shang bronzes 195
Southern bronze cultures 199
Lower and Middle Yangzi 199; Sichuan Basin: Sanxingdui 200
The Northern Bronze Complex 202
In conclusion 204
9 Early State Florescence (1500–770 BC) 206
Dynastic successions 206
Was Erlitou the Xia capital? 207; Early, Middle and Late Shang 207;
Royal Zhou 208
Early inscriptions 209
Shang state organization 210
Shang capitals 210; The late great capital of Yinxu 214; Territorial
expansion 219; Political organization 222
Royal Zhou and enfeoffments 223
Zhou in the Zhouyuan 223; Early Zhou socio-political organization 225;
Yan – a royal enfeoffment 226
Early Zhou architectural contributions 226
Sacrifice and warfare 227
Sacrifice at altar and tomb 227; Of horses and chariots 228
Early state overview 229
10 Eastern Zhou and Its Frontiers (1st millennium BC) 231
Eastern Zhou (771–221 BC) 232
State autonomy 232; Warfare tactics 233
Zhou and ‘non-Zhou’ identity formation 234
From huaxia to Han 235; Peripheral origins 236
Zhou border states 237
The eastern state of Qi 237; The southern state of Chu 237;
Qin to the west 239; Jin in the northwest 240
Commercial endeavors 241
Bronzes: deterioriations and advances 241; Iron: the beginning of
an industry 244; Salt 248; A cash economy 248
The Northern Zone 249
From Rong and Di to hu 249; Northern signifiers: animal art and gold 253
11 Pen/Insular Rice, Bronze and Iron (1300–200 BC) 255
Contributions from the China Mainland 256
Upper Xiajiadian 256; Yueshi culture 258
Establishing Mumun culture 258
Transmission of rice farming 259; Dolmen and cist burials 261;
Final addition of bronzes to the funerary goods 262
Middle Mumun (850–550 BC) settlement and society 263
Taepyong-ri site 263; Komdan-ri site 265; Songguk-ri site 266
Late Mumun / Early Iron Age transitions (500–200 BC) 266
The Slender Bronze Dagger culture 267; Arrival of iron 269
From Jomon to Yayoi 270
Yayoi beginnings 270; Yayoi expansion 275; Craft advancements 278;
Jomon resistance to wet-rice agriculture 280
12 The Making and Breaking of Empire (350 BC–500 AD) 285
Qin, the Unifier 285
Warring states reforms 285; United China 286
The Han Dynasty 289
Establishment of unified rule 289; Imperial capitals 290;
Han burial innovations 293
Roads as arteries to the empire 298
Road to the west 298; Road to the south 301; Continuing northern
border problems 302; Northeastern relations 305
Turmoil at the end of Han 306
Fragmentation of the empire 306; Succeeding polities 307
13 The Yellow Sea Interaction Sphere (400 BC – 300 AD) 309
Trade and tribute relations 309
Meeting the Hui and Mo 309; Han domination 309
Northeastern horse-riders 311
Puyo in the central Manchurian Basin 311; Early Koguryo in the
eastern Manchurian massif 313
The Lelang commandery 313
Commandery sites 313; Relations with Shandong and Liaodong 314;
Lelang tombs 315; From Gongsun to Wei rule 316
The Samhan of the southern Korean Peninsula 317
Commandery connections 317; Ceramic advancements 320; Iron production 321;
From the Three Han to the Three Kingdoms 322
Yayoi bronze cultures 323
Renewed continental connections 323; North Kyushu continental gateway 326
14 Mounded Tomb Cultures (2–5c AD) 331
Pen/Insular state formation 331
On the Peninsula 332
Koguryo and Paekche origins 332; Kaya and Silla origins 336
In the Islands 342
From mound-burials to mounded tombs 342; Daifang and Queen Himiko 346;
Kofun bunka: the mounded tomb culture (MTC) of Japan 347
Early state relations 351
Warfare 351; Writing 354
New tombs and art 355
Corridor-chamber tombs 355; Mural tombs 356
Expansion of Silla and Yamato 358
Administrative incorporation by Yamato 358; Military conquest by Silla 359
15 East Asian Civilization (3–7c AD) 361
Rapid transformations 361
On the Mainland 361; In the Pen/Insulae 363
Buddhism 364
Buddhist grottoes 365; Pen/Insular Buddhism 367; Temple excavations 368
Law and administration: a Yamato case study 370
Territorial control 371
Gridded cities 371; Provincial systems 374; A new field system 377; Taxation 378
Technological developments 380
Cosmopolitan lifestyles 382
16 Epilogue: Ancient East Asia in the Modern World 384
Why study East Asian archaeology? 384
Sharing of religious philosophies 385
Friction dating to earlier times 387
The problem with Mimana 388; Keyhole tombs in Korea 388; Koguryo split
between two states 389
The importance of national heritage 390
Author:
籾山 明 (Momiyama, Akira)
Publisher:
創文社
Publication Date:
2016. 3. 9
Abstract:
中国古代の出土文字史料、とりわけ戦国末から魏晋にかけての簡牘ならびに石刻を対象にした研究。素材としての出土文字史料、中国古代における書写材料の変遷、居延漢簡の研究業績などに焦点を当てた論考を収録する。
Table of Contents:
序章 出土文字史料研究の立場と方法
一 本書の立場と方法
二 本書の構成
三 使用テクストと凡例
第一部 素材としての出土文字史料
第一章 刻齒簡牘初探
はじめに
一 符・刻券
二 出入錢穀衣物簡
三 契約文書簡
おわりに
コメント
第二章 魏晉樓蘭簡の形態
はじめに
一 樓蘭出土封檢の分類
二 小型封檢の檢討（１）
三 大型封檢の檢討
四 小型封檢の檢討（２）
五 漢簡との連續性
おわりに
コメント
第三章 簡牘・【ケン】帛・紙
はじめに
一 紙の出現
二 蔡倫以前・以後
三 簡牘から紙へ
おわりに
コメント
第二部 制度と習俗の復元
第四章 里耶秦簡と移動する吏
はじめに
一 里耶秦簡Ｊ１（８）１３５
二 張家山漢簡「奏讞書」案例一八
三 周家臺三〇號秦墓出土暦譜
四 里耶秦簡Ｊ１（１６）５
おわりに
コメント
第五章 王杖木簡再考
はじめに
一 王杖木簡概要
二 王杖詔書册
三 挈令と詔書册の編集
四 蘭臺から武威へ
おわりに
コメント
第六章 長沙東牌樓出土木牘と後漢後半期の訴訟
はじめに
一 東牌樓七號古井（Ｊ７）と出土簡牘
二 １００１號木牘の釋讀
三 １００１號木牘に見える訴訟の特徴
四 後漢後半期の訴訟と社會
おわりに
コメント
第七章 漢代結僤習俗考
はじめに
一 關連史料の提示
二 結僤の理念
三 僤の起源
おわりに
コメント
第三部 居延漢簡研究の地平
第八章 漢代エチナ＝オアシスにおける開發と防衞線の展開
はじめに
一 部（１）
二 部（２）
三 塞
四 オアシス
おわりに
コメント
第九章 日本における居延漢簡研究の回顧と展望
はじめに
一 研究史（１）
二 研究史（２）
三 現状と方法論的展望
おわりに
コメント
付篇
第十章 爵制論の再檢討
一 爵と刑
二 賜爵記事の再檢討
三 爵のいわゆる傳統的性格
四 展望
コメント
第十一章 皇帝支配の原像
はじめに
一 先行學説の批判
二 恩徳としての賜與
三 賜爵と奉仕
おわりに
コメント
Editors:
六朝楽府の会
Publisher:
和泉書院
Publication Date:
2016.2.26
Abstract:
『隋書』音楽志は、南北朝から隋朝に至る音楽の変遷を記録した通史であり、そこには、南北・東西音楽の交流と融合、日本雅楽の淵源となる西域音楽の東漸、理想の楽をめぐる国家的論争、儀礼・祭祀音楽の式次第他、古代音楽の実態が克明に描かれる。南北朝・隋唐史研究のみならず、中国学全般、ひいては日本古代史、日中交渉史、東洋音楽史等、東アジアの学術史を理解する上での基礎史料である。
本書は、中国古代音楽の事典的性質も備え、原文・書き下し文・現代語訳のほか、語注には、語句の出典・用例などを豊富に示し、音楽用語や歴史的背景についても詳細な解説を加えた。巻末には人名索引、楽曲・書名索引、事項索引を付す。
Table of Contents:
序
前言
凡例
『隋書』音楽志上
（１） 楽の起原とその展開―古代から北魏まで―
（２） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―武帝の楽制改革―
（３） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―武帝の楽律改革―
（４） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―武帝の郊廟楽改革・懸鐘磬の法―
（５） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―祭祀儀礼の次第―
（６） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―燕饗楽・百戯―
（７） 梁王朝の宮廷音楽―鼓吹楽・歌謡・仏曲―
陳王朝の宮廷音楽―武帝期の雅楽―
（８） 陳王朝の宮廷音楽―祭祀儀礼の次第・燕饗楽・百戯―
『隋書』音楽志中
（９） 北斉王朝の宮廷音楽―北斉の雅楽・祭祀儀礼の次第―
（10） 北斉王朝の宮廷音楽―鼓吹楽・雑楽―
（11） 北周王朝の宮廷音楽―北周の雅楽・祭祀儀礼の次第―
（12） 北周王朝の宮廷音楽―燕饗楽・百戯・鼓吹楽―
（13） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―高祖の楽制改革―
（14） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―鄭譯の楽律改革―
『隋書』音楽志下
（15） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―南朝雅楽の流入―
（16） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―牛弘の楽制改革１―
（17） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―牛弘の楽制改革２―
（18） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―懸鐘磬の法―
（19） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―開皇年間の雅楽・祭祀儀礼の次第―
（20） 隋王朝の宮廷音楽―開皇年間の燕饗楽・楽制改革の終結―
（21）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―煬帝期の郊廟楽改修―
（22）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―煬帝期の懸鐘磬改修―
（23）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―雅楽器―
（24）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―七部楽１―
（25）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―七部楽２―
（26）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―七部楽３・百戯―
（27）隋王朝の宮廷音楽―鼓吹楽―
人名索引
楽曲・書名索引
事項索引
Author:
Thomas Michael
Publication Month:
October, 2015
Publisher:
New York: State University of New York Press
Abstract:
Thomas Michael’s study of the early history of the Daodejing reveals that the work is grounded in a unique tradition of early Daoism, one unrelated to other early Chinese schools of thought and practice. The text is associated with a tradition of hermits committed to yangsheng, a particular practice of physical cultivation involving techniques of breath circulation in combination with specific bodily movements leading to a physical union with the Dao. Michael explores the ways in which the text systematically anchored these techniques to a Dao-centered worldview. Including a new translation of the Daodejing, In the Shadows of the Dao opens new approaches to understanding the early history of one of the world’s great religious texts and great religious traditions.
Table of Contents:
Reading Daodejing synthetically
Modern scholarship on the Daodejing
Traditions of reading the Daodejing
The Daos of Laozi and Confucius
Early Daoism, Yangsheng, and the Daodejing
The sage and the world
The sage and the project
The sage and bad knowledge
The sage and good knowledge
