Beyond the First Emperor's Mausoleum: New Perspectives on Qin Art

Editor:
Liu Yang

Publisher:

University of Washington Press

Publication Year:

2015

Abstract:

Our imaginations are sparked by the compelling findings unearthed at Lintong near Xi'an, capital of modern-day Shaanxi Province. There the grand mausoleum and its thousands of guardian Terracotta Warriors and horses stand as testimony to the extraordinary legacy of China's First Emperor, Qin Shihuang. Equally significant in shedding light on the days of the Qin state and its evolution from a tribe of the western frontier to a dominant superpower are numerous recent archaeological finds from the region of present-day Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. In Beyond the First Emperor's Mausoleum: New Perspectives on Qin Art, twelve leading scholars of early Chinese art and culture from China, Europe, and the United States share their perspectives on recent archaeological discoveries related to Qin dynasty culture and history.

Table of Contents:

Foreword / Kaywin Feldman --

Introduction / Liu Yang --

Defining Qin artistic traditions: heritage, borrowing, and innovation / Alain Thote 

Artistic naturalism and bureaucratic theory / Martin Powers --

Qin cosmography and the first cosmic capital, Xianyang / David Pankenier --

Afterlife entertainment? The cauldron and bare-torso figures at the First Emperor's tomb / Eugene Wang --

Imagining the tomb of the First Emperor of China / Anthony Barbieri-Low --

The Qin Biannian ji and the beginnings of historical writing in China / Edward L. Shaughnessy --

Cinnabar and mercury industry of Qin and early China / Kuang-Yu Chen --

Qin ritual bronze: impact from the Central Plains and the South / Liu Yang --

Foreign/Eurasian elements in pre-imperial Qin culture: materials, techniques and types / Jenny F. So --

Archaeological finds of the Majiayuan Cemetery and Qin's interaction with Steppe cultures / Wang Hui --

Contributors. Section headings: Inheritance, innovation, and politics in Qin art --

City, burial, and ritual --

Qin history, culture, and art: new light shed by archaeological finds --

Qin's interaction with other cultures.

Buddhist Stone Sutras in China: Sichuan 2 中國佛教石經：四川省 （第二卷）

Editors:
Tsai Suey-ling and Sun Hua

Publisher: 
Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden

Publication Year: 
2015

Abstract:
The Buddhist sutra inscriptions in cave chapels at the Grove of the Reclining Buddha (Wofoyuan 臥佛院) are almost unknown outside China. This second volume on the site presents the sutras in caves 29 and 33. Engraved in cave 29 are four of the twelve chapters of the Sutra on the Names of the Buddhas 佛說佛名經 (T#440). Differing from woodblock printed versions, the task of the carvers is here indicated by recording the numbers of names that they accomplished. Engraved in cave 33 are scrolls 11 and 12 of the Consecration Sutra 灌頂經 (T#1331), the Dhāraṇī Sutra of the Six Gates 佛說六門陀羅尼經 (T#1360), the Deathbed Injunction Sutra 佛臨般涅槃略說遺教經 (T#389), the Sutra on Renouncing the Householder’s Life 佛說出家功德經 (in T#202), and the Diamond Sutra 金剛經 (T#235). These text versions offer completely new insights into Buddhist scriptural transmission and practice.  The engravings are fully reproduced in high quality, detailed photographs of the cave walls and of ink rubbings. All engraved texts are transcribed for the first time. The scholarly apparatus notes textual variants and variant characters in the calligraphy.

A conspicuous common feature of all texts in the two caves is their performative character and their liturgical use. Death is a common theme, as it is powerfully enacted and made visible in the giant sculpture of the Reclining Buddha directly opposite the two caves. The individual sutras are analyzed in separate essays by Chen Frederick Shih-Chung, Alexander L. Mayer, Ryan Richard Overbey, Manuel Sassmann, Tsai Suey-Ling and Claudia Wenzel. Annotated English translations are provided for the Dhāraṇī Sutra of the Six Gates and the Sutra on Renouncing the Householder’s Life.

Table of Contents:
Please click here 
http://www.harrassowitz-verlag.de/dzo/artikel/201/552_201.pdf?t=1420731975

The Archaeology of Early China: From Prehistory to the Han Dynasty

Author:
Gideon Shelach

Publisher:
Cambridge University Press

Abstract:

This volume aims to satisfy a pressing need for an updated account of Chinese archaeology. It covers an extended time period from the earliest peopling of China to the unification of the Chinese Empire some two thousand years ago. The geographical coverage includes the traditional focus on the Yellow River basin but also covers China's many other regions. Among the topics covered are the emergence of agricultural communities; the establishment of a sedentary way of life; the development of sociopolitical complexity; advances in lithic technology, ceramics, and metallurgy; and the appearance of writing, large-scale public works, cities, and states. Particular emphasis is placed on the great cultural variations that existed among the different regions and the development of interregional contacts among those societies.

Table of Contents:

1. The geographic and environmental background

2. Before cultivation: human origins and the incipient development of human culture in China

3. The transition to food production: variability and processes

4. The development of agriculture and sedentary life in north China

5. The shift to agriculture and sedentism in central and south China

6. The emergence and development of sociopolitical complexity

7. Stepping into history

8. The Shang dynasty: the emergence of the state in China

9. Regional variation and interregional interactions during the Bronze Age: 'center and periphery' or 'interaction spheres'?

10. The societies and cultures of the Zhou period: processes of globalization and the genesis of local identities

11. The son of heaven and the creation of a bureaucratic empire.

Ritual and Religion in the Xunzi (《荀子》中的禮儀與宗教)

Editors: 
T. C. Kline III, Justin Tiwald

Publisher:
SUNY Press

Publication Year:
2014

Abstract:
Xunzi, a founding figure in the Confucian tradition, is one of the world’s great philosophers and theorists of religion. For much of the last century, his work has been seen largely as critical of religion, particularly the popular beliefs and invocations of supernatural forces that underpin so many religious rituals. Contributors to this volume challenge this view and offer a more sophisticated picture of Xunzi. He emerges not as critic, but rather as an adherent of religion who seeks to give religious practices meaning even though many religious beliefs are mistaken or self-serving. Each essay offers a powerful illustration of Xunzi as both a religious devotee and as a philosopher of religion, drawing on a wide array of disciplines and methodologies.

Table of Contents:

Acknowledgments
Notes on Conventions
Introduction

Religious Vision

1. Xunzi as a Religious Philosopher
Edward J. Machle

2. A Happy Symmetry: Xunzi’s Ecological Ethic
Philip J. Ivanhoe

Ritual Theory

3. Ritual and Religion: A Lesson from Xunzi for Today
Robert C. Neville

4. Xunzi: Ritualization as Humanization
Lee H. Yearly

5. Xunzi’s Reinterpretation of Ritual: A Hermeneutic Defense of the Confucian Way
Mark Berkson

Comparative Approaches

6. Ritual and Tradition in Xunzi and Dōgen
James Robson

7. Sheltering Under the Sacred Canopy: Peter Berger and Xunzi
T. C. Kline III

Selected Bibliography
About the Contributors
Index

Political Strategies of Identity Building in Non-Han Empires in China

Editors:
Francesca Fiaschetti and Julia Schneider

Publisher:
Harrassowitz Verlag 

Publication Date:
August 1, 2014

Abstract:
Long periods in Chinese history were determined by non-Han conquest rule. With this volume, which emerged from a workshop held in Munich in 2012, its editors and contributors aim at removing the blinders imposed by modern histories and their national boundaries, both territorial and intellectual, and at challenging the way in which we have thought and written about Chinese history so far.All chapters take a close look at the ways non-Han rulers, be they Jurchen, Mongols, or Manchus, used their specific cultural-ethnic backgrounds to strengthen their power in East Asia. Moreover, through a syncretic approach to the rhetoric and ideologies of other groups under their rule, the emperors and ruling elites developed invigorating methods to deal with the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural compositions of their often huge empires, whose influence is to be seen even in nowadays China. Only if we take their Inner and Northern Asian backgrounds into account will we be able to fully understand the historical and cultural impact of these dynasties on East Asian history. By doing so, the analysis of these periods must necessarily move beyond the focus of a China-centered narrative and take into account that the non-Han and Han identities of conquerors and conquered populations coming into contact became part of each other's histories. A closer look at these mutual influences will also enhance our understanding of these crucial historical periods beyond the limits of a perspective solely oriented towards ethnic and political boundaries.

Table of Contents:
Francesca Fiaschetti and Julia Schneider
Introduction  

East Asian Powers and Identities: 6th–12th Centuries

Shao-yun Yang
Fan and Han: The Origins and Uses of a Conceptual Dichotomy in Mid-Imperial China, ca. 500–1200

Hang Lin
Conquer and Govern: The Rise of the Jurchen
and Their Jin Dynasty (1115–1234) 

Julia Schneider
Sinicization and Nativistic Movement? The Middle Jurchen
Jin Period (1123–1189)

Multiethnic China and the Mongols

Veronika Veit
Characteristic Elements in the Process of Identity Building in Central Asia:
The Example of the Mongols (A Brief Excursion into History)

Francesca Fiaschetti
The Borders of Rebellion: The Yuan Dynasty and the Rhetoric of Empire

Oded Abt
Muslim Memories of Yuan-Ming Transition in Southeast China

The Manchu Qing Dynasty and its Neighbours

Evelyn S. Rawski
War Letters: Hongtaiji and Injo during the Second Invasion of Korea

Yadi Wu
Reactive Thrust to Sinicization by Manchu Officials of the Early Qing Dynasty-Ortai’s Dingji jiao

Zinan Yan, On the Divergent Implications of Archery: Discussing the Poetry of Nobles and Officials on Manchu and Han-Chinese Cultures 

Fan Zhang
Grass-root Official in the Ideological Battlefield: Reevaluation of the Study
of the amban in Tibet 

List of Contributors 


Index

南朝貴族制研究

Author:
川合安

Publisher:
汲古書院

Publication Year:
2015

Table of Contents:

序　論
序篇　「六朝貴族制」論と南朝政治社会史研究

第一章　六朝隋唐の「貴族政治」
第一節、内藤湖南の「貴族政治」説とその継承
内藤湖南の「貴族政治」説／岡崎文夫の「貴族制」説／内藤乾吉の三省制度研究
第二節、濱口重國の「貴族政治」説批判　　　　　
第三節、越智重明の六朝「貴族制」説
第四節、中村裕一の文書行政研究　　　　　　　　
第五節、渡辺信一郎の専制国家説
第六節、日本史研究者からみた三省制度
石尾芳久、石母田正の日唐政治体制比較論／佐藤宗諄、古瀬奈津子、吉川真司の研究

第二章　日本の六朝貴族制研究
第一節、内藤湖南、岡崎文夫の中世貴族制研究　　
第二節、宮崎市定の九品官人法研究
第三節、矢野主税の門閥社会研究　　　　　　　　
第四節、越智重明・野田俊昭の族門制研究
第五節、中村圭爾の六朝貴族制研究

第一篇　宋斉政治史研究

第三章　劉裕の革命と南朝貴族制
第一節、劉裕の革命に関する学説史　　　　　　　
第二節、劉裕起義　　
第三節、劉毅との対抗　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四節、禅譲革命

第四章　南朝・宋初の「同伍犯法」の論議
第一節、同伍犯法の論議　　同伍犯法の論議試訳／同伍犯法の論議における士人と庶民
第二節、盗制の論議　　盗制の論議試訳／盗制の論議における士人と庶民

第五章　元嘉時代後半の文帝親政
第一節、文帝の親政体制　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二節、文帝の北伐政策
第三節、寒門・寒人層の官界進出　　　　　　　　
第四節、在地豪族層と皇帝権力

第六章　『宋書』と劉宋政治史
第一節、沈約『宋書』における劉宋政治史　　　　
第二節、劉宋政治史研究の現状と課題
第三節、前廃帝期政治史　　輔政体制期／親政体制期

第七章　唐㝢之の乱と士大夫
第一節、唐㝢之の乱の顚末　　　　　　　　　　　
第二節、南斉・武帝政権の戸籍検査政策と民力休養論
第三節、蕭子顕『南斉書』の立場

第二篇　南朝貴族社会の研究

第八章　南朝貴族の家格
第一節、「族門制」論の概要　　　　　　　　　　
第二節、「族門制」論の論拠とその問題点の検討
第三節、南朝貴族の「家格」

第九章　南朝官人の起家年齢
はじめに――南朝官人の起家をめぐる研究史
第一節、南朝宋・斉時代の官人の起家年齢　　
甲族の起家年齢／後門の起家年齢／三十歳以上の起家の事例
第二節、梁の武帝の改革後の起家年齢

第十章　門地二品について
第一節、門地二品　　　第二節、姓譜の盛行　　　第三節、門閥貴族批判
第十一章　東晋琅邪王氏墓誌について
第一節、東晋琅邪王氏墓誌　　　第二節、東晋琅邪王氏墓誌からみた貴族社会　　王閩之／王康之

第十二章　柳芳「氏族論」と「六朝貴族制」学説
第一節、柳芳「氏族論」にみえる南朝の譜学　　　
第二節、南北朝時代の譜の内容
第三節、北魏の姓族分定
結　論　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
あとがき・初出一覧・索　引

Archaeological and Visual Sources of Meditation in the Ancient Monasteries of Kuča 龜茲

Editors:
Angela F. Howard
Giuseppe Vignato

Publisher:
Brill

Publication Year:
2014

Abstract:

In Archaeological and Visual Sources of Meditation in the Ancient Monasteries of Kuča, Angela F. Howard and Giuseppe Vignato use diverse methodological approaches from archaeology, art history and religious studies to reconstruct monastic life and practices in the rock monasteries on the northern Silk Route (ca. 200-650). Analysis of the caves’ function, meditation manuals, and the cave murals highlights the centrality of meditation, a fundamental duty of Kuča monastics. This interdisciplinary study utilizes hitherto unpublished line drawings, maps, and photographs to reconstruct and interpret the architecture and décor of Kuča caves, thus revealing the close links between the spiritual and the physical, between doctrinal teaching and practice and the lay-out and décor of the monasteries.

Table of Contents:

The rock monasteries of ancient Kuča
Formative elements of rock monasteries of ancient Kuča
The visual language of meditation
The origin of the visual language

中国江南六朝の考古学研究

Author: 
藤井康隆

Publication Date: 
2014. 11

Publisher:
六一書房

Abstract:
3世紀から6世紀末にかけて、中国において諸民族が割拠し、同時に南北の地域社会が拮抗した、魏晋南北朝時代。この時代に長江流域以南を統治した江南六朝は、異民族に追われて中国古来の都が位置する中原の地を失った漢民族が樹立した政権である。しかし他方で、中国内外の文化や国際秩序に少なからぬ影響をもたらしていた。

本書では、南方社会の立場から、江南六朝が史上初めて南方に現れた「正統」の中国王朝であることに注目する。江南六朝は周辺の地にありながらどのようにして中国王朝たりえたのか、六朝文化における南方の在地性、そして南方社会の歴史的意義とはどのようなものか。近年急速に進む発掘調査と著者自身の現地調査の成果を踏まえ、南北の皇帝陵墓と金属工芸を考古学的に分析・比較し、南方社会の結実としての江南六朝の特徴を浮き上がらせる。

Table of Contents:
序　章　中国の南と北

第Ⅰ部　南北朝陵墓の世界
　はじめに
第1章　江南六朝の帝王陵墓
　はじめに
　第1節　東呉の帝陵と皇族墓
　第2節　東晋の帝陵
　第3節　南朝の帝陵と皇族墓
　第4節　江南六朝陵墓の特徴
第2章　華北中原の陵墓とその特徴
　第1節　曹魏・西晋の陵墓
　第2節　北魏の帝陵
　第3節　東魏・北斉の帝陵
　第4節　西魏・北周の帝陵
第3章　陵墓の外部空間
　第1節　江南六朝墓の墓室外空間の特徴
　第2節　南北の陵墓の外部空間
　小　　　結
第4章　東晋南北朝墓の墓室空間
　第1節　東晋南朝墓の墓室形式の問題点
　第2節　凸形墓の出現背景にかんする再検証
　第3節　墓室の性格と空間概念
　第4節　東晋南朝の墓室空間
　第5節　十六国北朝の墓主画像
　第6節　墓主をめぐる墓室空間の構造
　小　　　結

第Ⅱ部　晋式帯金具の研究
第5章　晋式帯金具の研究史
　第1節　「晋式帯金具」の発見と名称
　第2節　晋式帯金具の性格
　第3節　晋式帯金具の製作地と製作動向
　第4節　材質と古代科学技術史をめぐる論争
第6章　晋式帯金具の製作動向
　はじめに
　第1節　晋式帯金具の部分名称
　第2節　晋式帯金具の文様
　第3節　晋式帯金具の製作技術
　第4節　晋式帯金具の編年
　第5節　晋式帯金具の製作動向
　小　　　結
第7章　三燕の帯金具をめぐる問題
　はじめに
　第1節　中国東北部の帯金具概観
　第2節　三燕における帯金具の新例
　第3節　遼寧における帯金具の変遷
　小　　　結
第8章　晋式帯金具の造形意匠と思想規範
　はじめに
　第1節　新資料の紹介
　第2節　晋式帯金具における二つの様相
　第3節　晋式帯金具の受容と展開―遼寧の様相から
　第4節　晋式帯金具の思想的規範
　小　　　結
第9章　晋式帯金具の成立背景
　はじめに
　第1節　東呉薛秋墓の概要
　第2節　東呉薛秋墓出土帯金具の特徴
　第3節　東呉薛秋墓帯金具と晋式帯金具
　第4節　晋式帯金具の諸系統と製作動向
　第5節　晋式帯金具の拡散とその背景

第Ⅲ部　両晋南北朝の金属工芸
第10章　六朝の「龍」の造形について　
　はじめに
　第1節　六朝期の「龍」三例
　第2節　「龍」の図像の造形と表現
　第3節　「龍」の造形と文物の広がり
　小　　　結
第11章　5世紀の日本出土帯金具と中国
　第1節　5世紀の金属工芸と帯金具
　第2節　製作技法の概要
　第3節　5世紀における日本出土帯金具の製作地
　小　　　結
第12章　中国南朝前期の金属工芸
　第1節　六朝金属工芸にかんする問題の所在
　第2節　中国南朝前期の金工
　第3節　中国南朝前期の金工技術と生産
第13章　東晋南朝の金属工芸と十六国
　はじめに
　第1節　東晋南朝の金属工芸の動向
　第2節　晋式帯金具の展開
　第3節　文冠飾の模倣
　第4節　東晋の金属工芸の波及

結　　　語
ま　と　め
結論と課題