Author:
三崎良章 Misaki Yoshiaki
Publisher:
東方書店
Publication Year:
2012
Abstract:
3世紀末から5世紀半ばにかけて、中国北部は匈奴を始めとする諸民族の政権が並立する大分裂時代を迎えた。本書は、この「五胡十六国時代」に光を当て、中国社会が多民族の融合の上に形成されたことを史料のみならず墓室画像などの出土品も用いて明らかにする。2002年刊行書籍の新訂版。
Table of Contents:
序章 民族の時代
第一章 後漢～西晋時代の少数民族
一 少数民族の中国移住
匈奴／烏桓／鮮卑／羌族／氐族／丁零／夫餘・高句麗
二 中国王朝の少数民族への対応
官爵の授与／異民族統御官／徙戎
第二章 「五胡」とは何か、「十六国」とは何か
一 『晋書』と『魏書』と『十六国春秋』など
『晋書』／『魏書』／『十六国春秋』
二 「五胡」
数字と少数民族／「五胡」の出現／「五胡」の具体化
三 「十六国」
『晋書』載記冒頭記載の諸国／『晋書』載記本文の諸国／『魏書』・『宋書』・『北史』の諸国／「十六国」の定着化
第三章 「十六国」の興亡
一 五胡十六国時代の全体像
八王の乱／西晋の滅亡と東晋の成立／「十六国」興亡の梗概
二 五胡十六国時代前期
成漢／前趙／後趙／冉魏／前燕／前仇池／前涼／代
三 前秦の華北統一と淝水の戦い
前秦の華北統一／淝水の戦い／淝水の戦い後の前秦
四 五胡十六国時代後期
西燕／後燕／南燕／北燕／翟魏／後秦／西秦／夏／後涼／南涼／北涼／西涼／後仇池／北魏
第四章 「十六国」の国際関係と仏教と国家意識
一 朝鮮半島との関係
高句麗への亡命者／遼西・遼東と朝鮮半島の関係
二 西方・北方との関係
西域経営／トゥルファン／吐谷渾／柔然
三 仏教の展開
涼州の仏教／仏図澄／釈道安／鳩摩羅什／現世利益的様相／敦煌
四 東晋との関係と国家意識
「十六国」の東晋対策／君主の称号／国家意識
第五章 人の移動
一 遷都
遷都の実態／遷都の目的／遷都に伴う人間の移動
二 流民
流民の発生／塢／僑州郡県
三 徙民
徙民の目的／徙民の方向と規模／徙民の全貌
第六章 「五胡」と漢族の融合
一 融合の過程
「五胡」君主の漢文化受容／漢人士人の「五胡」政権参加／王猛／軋轢と衝突
二 壁画墓・画像磚墓に見られる「五胡」と漢族
壁画墓と画像磚墓／甘粛の画像磚墓／地埂坡三号墓／丁家閘五号墓／朝陽の壁画墓
終 章 南北朝から隋唐帝国へ
おわりに
改訂版あとがき
写真出典一覧
主要参考文献
Thursday, January 31, 2013
Saturday, January 26, 2013
[Dissertation] Chasing the Beyond: Depictions of Hunting in Eastern Han Dynasty Tomb Reliefs (25-220 CE) from Shaanxi and Shanxi
作者 Author:
Wallace, Leslie V
提交年份 Year:
2010
學校 School:
University of Pittsburgh
指導教授 Advisor:
Katheryn Linduff
摘要 Abstract:
During the first and second centuries CE colonists living along the Northern Frontier of the Han Empire built tombs with stone doorways that depicted scenes of the hunt. These reliefs depict a fabulous world inhabited by mounted archers, hybrid xian (immortals) and frolicking/fleeing animals. Within these reliefs there is also a limited tendency to draw on the alternate lifestyles of the Xiongnu, a confederation of northern nomadic tribes who served as both neighbor and foe to the Han Chinese who lived in this area.
Previous scholarship has seen hunting imagery in these reliefs as passive reflections of the mixed culture and economy of the region. I instead maintain that it was part of an iconographical program that depicted and facilitated the passage of the deceased to paradise across the dangerous borderlands between Heaven and Earth.
My dissertation argues that imagery in Shaanxi and Shanxi was actually a refinement of earlier Eastern Zhou (771-221 BCE) and Western Han (206BC- 8CE) depictions of the hunt and immortals, but that in this region, the positioning of the hunt at doorways created a liminal space representing the "Great Boundary" between this world and the next. This world is described in an inscription from a tomb excavated in Suide, Shaanxi that warns the deceased of the dangers that confront him if he does not return to the world of the living. On the basis of this inscription and similar "soul-summoning" passages from the Chu ci (Songs of the South) and Eastern Han dynasty tomb-quelling texts (zhenmu wen 鎮墓文), I argue that hunting imagery in Shaanxi and Shanxi belongs to the desolate spaces that were believed to exist between this world and the next.
Furthermore, I conclude that these images were a local response adopted by the patrons because they lived in a militarized, colonized setting in which fears of foreign neighbors fused with their apprehensions of the 'beyond'.
Wallace, Leslie V
提交年份 Year:
2010
學校 School:
University of Pittsburgh
指導教授 Advisor:
Katheryn Linduff
摘要 Abstract:
During the first and second centuries CE colonists living along the Northern Frontier of the Han Empire built tombs with stone doorways that depicted scenes of the hunt. These reliefs depict a fabulous world inhabited by mounted archers, hybrid xian (immortals) and frolicking/fleeing animals. Within these reliefs there is also a limited tendency to draw on the alternate lifestyles of the Xiongnu, a confederation of northern nomadic tribes who served as both neighbor and foe to the Han Chinese who lived in this area.
Previous scholarship has seen hunting imagery in these reliefs as passive reflections of the mixed culture and economy of the region. I instead maintain that it was part of an iconographical program that depicted and facilitated the passage of the deceased to paradise across the dangerous borderlands between Heaven and Earth.
My dissertation argues that imagery in Shaanxi and Shanxi was actually a refinement of earlier Eastern Zhou (771-221 BCE) and Western Han (206BC- 8CE) depictions of the hunt and immortals, but that in this region, the positioning of the hunt at doorways created a liminal space representing the "Great Boundary" between this world and the next. This world is described in an inscription from a tomb excavated in Suide, Shaanxi that warns the deceased of the dangers that confront him if he does not return to the world of the living. On the basis of this inscription and similar "soul-summoning" passages from the Chu ci (Songs of the South) and Eastern Han dynasty tomb-quelling texts (zhenmu wen 鎮墓文), I argue that hunting imagery in Shaanxi and Shanxi belongs to the desolate spaces that were believed to exist between this world and the next.
Furthermore, I conclude that these images were a local response adopted by the patrons because they lived in a militarized, colonized setting in which fears of foreign neighbors fused with their apprehensions of the 'beyond'.
Wednesday, January 9, 2013
Dubious Facts: The Evidence of Early Chinese Historiography
作者 Author:
Garret P. S. Olberding
出版社 Publisher:
SUNY
出版年 Publication Year:
2012
簡介 Abstract:
What were the intentions of early China's historians? Modern readers must contend with the tension between the narrators' moralizing commentary and their description of events. Although these historians had notions of evidence, it is not clear to what extent they valued what contemporary scholars would deem "hard" facts. Offering an innovative approach to premodern historical documents, Garret P. S. Olberding argues that the speeches of court advisors reveal subtle strategies of information management in the early monarchic context. Olberding focuses on those addresses concerning military campaigns where evidence would be important in guiding immediate social and political policy. His analysis reveals the sophisticated conventions that governed the imperial advisor's logic and suasion in critical state discussions, which were specifically intended to counter anticipated doubts. Dubious Facts illuminates both the decision-making processes that informed early Chinese military campaigns and the historical records that represent them.
目錄 Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
2. The Subversive Power of the Historian
3. Politicized Truth and Doubt
4. Interactive Constraints at Court
5. Salient Formal Characteristics of the Addresses
6. Rhetoric in Opposition: Two Zhanguoce 戰國策 Addresses
7. Commitment to the Facts
8. Moral Norms as Facts: Arguing Before the Emperor
9. How Did Ministers Err?
10. A Diversity of Evidence
Notes
Bibliography
Index
Garret P. S. Olberding
出版社 Publisher:
SUNY
出版年 Publication Year:
2012
簡介 Abstract:
What were the intentions of early China's historians? Modern readers must contend with the tension between the narrators' moralizing commentary and their description of events. Although these historians had notions of evidence, it is not clear to what extent they valued what contemporary scholars would deem "hard" facts. Offering an innovative approach to premodern historical documents, Garret P. S. Olberding argues that the speeches of court advisors reveal subtle strategies of information management in the early monarchic context. Olberding focuses on those addresses concerning military campaigns where evidence would be important in guiding immediate social and political policy. His analysis reveals the sophisticated conventions that governed the imperial advisor's logic and suasion in critical state discussions, which were specifically intended to counter anticipated doubts. Dubious Facts illuminates both the decision-making processes that informed early Chinese military campaigns and the historical records that represent them.
目錄 Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
2. The Subversive Power of the Historian
3. Politicized Truth and Doubt
4. Interactive Constraints at Court
5. Salient Formal Characteristics of the Addresses
6. Rhetoric in Opposition: Two Zhanguoce 戰國策 Addresses
7. Commitment to the Facts
8. Moral Norms as Facts: Arguing Before the Emperor
9. How Did Ministers Err?
10. A Diversity of Evidence
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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